gov ch 21 section d

people who owe loyalty to the United States and, in turn, receive its protection

citizens

law of the soil

jus soli

given to everyone born in the United States including US territories

birthright citizenship

Dred Scott, an enslaved man, argued he became free when he was taken to a free

state

Dred Scott v Sanford

dismissed the case on the grounds that Dred Scott was not a citizen and had no right to bring a lawsuit

Robert Taney

“All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and the States wherein they reside”

passage of the 14th Amendment that the Constitution defines citizenship

law of the blood

jus sanguinis

citizens or nationals of a foreign country who live in the United States

aliens

become citizens at some time after birth through this legal process

naturalization

Americans can choose to give up, or voluntarily abandon, their citizenship through this legal process

expatriation

naturalized citizens who have gained citizenship through fraud or deception may lose their citizenship through a court-ordered process

denaturalization

a legal process in which they are required to leave the United States

deportation

a person who lacks legal documents proving his or her right to live and work in the United States

undocumented immigrant