Anatomy Quiz 1

note difference between identifying MEMBRANES vs CAVITIES

Anatomy

The study of structure or form; how to build

Physiology

study of function

list the levels of organization

atom, molecule, macromolecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Does the concept that anatomy and physiology are interdependent at all level applicable to living organism only?

no

internal environment

intra and extracellular fluid

homeostasis

ability to maintain internal environments condition while external environments changing due to stressors. maintained by organ system

Interdependency of Cell

cells depend on each other to do different things

Give an example of A and P being interdependent

Ear funnel and hearing function

Receptors

detects and sends chemical signals to control centers

control center

likely in the brain. compares chemical signals to set point

effectors

muscles or glands that try to return body to set point via response

Negative feedback

reverse trend, common

positive feedback

maintain trend, normal but not often

appendicular portion

appendige; legs, arm

axial portion

axis; straight down the middle

dorsal cavity and sections

back; cranial and verebral canal

ventral cavity

front; thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity

list the membranes in the ventral cavity

parietal and visceral membranes

parietal membrane

membranes that line body cavities. includes pleural and peritoneal

pleural membrane

lines thoracic

peritoneal

lines abdominopelvis

visceral membranes

covers organs

do the terms “lining” and “covering” mean the same thing?

no. Lining is on the inside of the cavity. covering is on the outside of the organ

describe anatomical positions (4things)

standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at side, palms forward

anterior

front

posterior

back

superior and inferior are only in reference to the _______ part of the body

axial

proximal and distal are only in reference to the ______

appendiges

bilateral

one on each side (ie lungs)

ipsilateral

on same side of midline (Ie gallbladder and ascending colon)

contralateral

on opposite sides of midline

superficial and deep are in reference to the _____ kind of tissue

same

what kind of plane is this

sagittal / midsagittal

what kind of plane is this

parasagittal

what kind of plane is this

transverse

what kind of plane is this

coronal

what kind of section is this

cross section

what kind of section is this

oblique section

what kind of section is this

longitudinal

what is the common denominator between all cells

cell membrane

what are the general characteristics of the cell membrane

maintains integrity of the cell, selectively permeable, responsible for compartmentalization

What is the structure of the cell membrane

the phospholipid bilayer, which contains hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads

integral proteins

partially/all the way in the cell membrane

peripheral proteins

outside the cell membrane

Receptor proteins

molecules bind to receptors to cause change in the cell

enzymes

catalyze vital reactions on the cell surface or within the bilayer

cell surface proteins

tag cells so they self-identify

cellular adhesion

helps cells stick to things

cholesterol

helps maintain membrane fluidity