Chapter 13: Water Resources
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17 Terms
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Hydrologic cycle
Movement of water in the seas, land, and air. It is driven by solar energy and gravity
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Zone of saturation
Spaces in soil are filled with water
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Water table
Top of the zone of saturation
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Aquifers
Naturally recharge, lateral recharge
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Water footprint
Volume of water we directly and indirectly
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India, China, and the United States
Three largest grain producers. Overpumping aquifers for the irrigation of crops
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California Water Project
Inefficient water use. Environmental damage to the Sacramento River and San Francisco Bay
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Desalination
Removing dissolved salts
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Distillation
evaporate water, leaving salts behind
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Reverse osmosis, microfiltration
use high pressure to remove salts
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Flood plains
Highly productive wetlands, that provide natural flood and erosion control, maintain high water quality and recharge groundwater
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Dams/Reservoirs
They capture and store runoff as well as they release runoff as needed to control
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Surface Run-off
Precipitation that does not infiltrate the ground or evaporate
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Water Shed
The region from which water drains into a body of water
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Groundwater
Precipitation that infiltrates the ground and percolates downwards through voids in soil and rocks
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Unconfined Aquifer
Aquifer with water table as top
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Confined Aquifer
Bounded above and below by semi-permeable beds of rock and clay
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