Multi-store Model of Memory & Types of Long-Term Memory Flashcards

Topics included: Multi-store Model of Memory (MSM); Types of Long-term Memory

Who proposed the multi-store model of memory?

The multi-store model of memory was proposed by Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968-1971).

Which component of the multi-store model of memory processes all sense-based information from the environment?

The sensory register is where all sensory information from the environment is processed.

Sensory information is held within the sensory register for a duration of:

a) 3-5 seconds

b) 1-2 seconds

c) milliseconds

c.

Sensory information is held within the sensory register for milliseconds, i.e. it has a limited duration.

Coding in short-term memory is:

a) semantic

b) procedural

c) episodic

d) acoustic

d.

Coding in short-term memory is acoustic.

Miller’s ‘magic number 7’ refers to the ________ of short-term memory.

Miller’s ‘magic number 7’ refers to the capacity of short-term memory.

Short-term memory can hold 7 items + or - 2.

If information in short-term memory is not rehearsed what happens to it?

If information in short-term memory is not rehearsed, it cannot pass into long-term memory, i.e. it is displaced/forgotten.

Coding in long-term memory is:

a) semantic

b) procedural

c) episodic

d) acoustic

a.

Coding in long-term memory is semantic.

Some long-term memories may be unavailable, i.e., resistant to _________.

Some long-term memories may be unavailable, i.e., resistant to retrieval.

True or False?

One strength of the multi-store model of memory is that it is supported by case studies of brain-damaged patients.

True.

The case study of HM could remember events and some information and details from before the removal of his hippocampus but could not form new memories.

One limitation of the multi-model of memory is that it may be:

a) too complicated

b) too simplistic

c) gender biased

b.

One limitation of the multi-store model of memory is that it may be too simplistic.

Research suggests that short-term memory and long-term memory are made up of more than one store.

Much of the research into the multi-store model of memory involves participants undertaking artificial tasks, which means it is low in:

a) reliability

b) falsifiability

c) ecological validity

c.

Much of the research into the multi-store model of memory involves participants undertaking artificial tasks, which means it is low in ecological validity.

What are the three types of long-term memory?

The three types of long-term memory and episodic, semantic and procedural memory.

Which of the following is not an example of an episodic memory?

a) Your fifth birthday party

b) Winning a prize for the best home-grown vegetable

c) Knowing what the capital of Sri Lanka is

c.

Knowing what the capital of Sri Lanka is: this is not an episodic memory as it is not time-stamped (it does not relate to an episode in your life), rather it is knowledge/fact.

True or False?

Semantic memories are time-stamped.

False.

Semantic memories are not time-stamped as they consist of knowledge/facts.

An example of a semantic memory is:

a) knowing the name of your first teacher

b) recalling your first day at school

c) being able to ride a bike

a.

An example of semantic memory is knowing the name of your first teacher.

Procedural memory is used when we carry out certain _.

Procedural memory is used when we carry out certain skills.

These skills are automatic and require little concentration, e.g. riding a bike, roller skating, driving.

Brain scans indicate that each type of long-term memory may be stored in different areas of the brain, which is a strength because:

a) this is rich, insightful data

b) this is clinical evidence which is objective

c) this takes an idiographic approach

b.

Brain scans indicate that each type of long-term memory may be stored in different areas of the brain, which is a strength because this is clinical evidence which is objective and therefore scientific.

True or False?

One strength is that there is not crossover at all between any of the types of long-term memory.

False.

There are some cross-overs between episodic and semantic memory, which suggests that long-term memory is actually more complex than first thought.

An example of procedural memory is:

a) learning how to drive a car

b) trying ice skating for the first time

c) playing the piano at a concert

c.

An example of procedural memory is playing the piano at a concert.

This skill is formed from lots of practice and rehearsal so that it becomes automatic.