BARON-COHEN

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Psychology

Core studies

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33 Terms

1
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Theory of Mind, ability to:

  1. perceive mental states in others

  2. be aware that others have different mental states

2
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Autism Symptoms:

  1. Imparted social interaction

  2. Impaired imagination and flexible thought

  3. Impaired social communication

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Research Method:

Quasi Experiment

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Design:

Matched participants design (age and intelligence)

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IV:

Type of person

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DV:

Performance on Eye Task

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Location:

Cambridge University lab

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(Sally Ann) Validity lowered by ceiling effect:

too easy to reach maximum level on a measurement

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Aim- to demonstrate a lack of theory of mind is:

the core cognitive deficit that causes ASD

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Aim- to develop a:

more appropriate way to measure ToM in adults with HFA

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Group 1:

16 adults with HFA or Asperger syndrome

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Group 2:

50 typical age-matched adults

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Group3:

10 adults with Tourette syndrome

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EYE TEST- new test of:

Theory of Mind

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EYE TEST- tested to ensure:

interna validity

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EYE TEST- __ photos of faces

25

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EYE TEST- faces shown for __ seconds, followed by__

3, forced choice question

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HAPPES STRANGE STORIES- an established test of:

Theory of Mind

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HAPPES STRANGE STORIES- already established as an:

internally valid test

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HAPPES STRANGE STORIES- used to demonstrate the:

concurrent validity of the eye test

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HAPPES STRANGE STORIES- people lacking ToM should score __ on the Physical State Questions

High

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GENDER TEST:

Identifying the gender of the eyes used in the Eyes Task

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GENDER TEST- used to show that adults with HFA:

do not have an impairment in recognising gender

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EMOTIONS TEST:

identifying the emotion of photos of faces displaying one of six basic emotions

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EMOTIONS TEST- used to show that adults with HFA:

do not have an impairment in recognising emotions

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EYES TASK-Adults with HFA did significantly __ than the normal and TS cohort

worse

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EYES TASK-Normal females were significantly __ at this task than normal men

better

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HAPPES STRANGE STORIES- Adults with HFA made:

some mistakes

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HAPPES STRANGE STORIES- Normal adults made:

very few mistakes

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HAPPES STRANGE STORIES- TS adults made:

no mistakes

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GENDER+EMOTION-adults with HFA did not score __ average on the gender or emotion task

below

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CONCLUSION- The eye task is a:

valid test of ToM in adults with HFA

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CONCLUSION- lack of ToM is the:

core cognitive deficit in ASD