recruitment, selection and training

define recruitment

the process from identifying that the business needs to employ someone up to the point in which applications arrive.

define job analysis

identifies and records tasks and responsibilities relating to a job

define job description

outlines duties and responsibilities to be carried out by someone employed for the job

define job specification

outlines requirements, qualities, expertise, physical characteristics etc for a job.

can be referred to during disputes.

define internal recruitment

when the vacancy is filled by someone who is an existing employee of the business.

advantages of internal recruitment

quicker and cheaper (no advertising)

person’s pros and cons are already known by business

no induction training needed

other employees may have hope for their promotions so motivation

disadvantages of internal recruitment

no new ideas/experience

rivalry and jealousy among employees

quality may be low

define external recruitment

when vacancy is filled by someone who is not an existing employee in the business

advantages of external recruitment

new ideas

more likely to hire someone aligned with job specification

disadvantages of external recruitment

expensive advertising

demotivating for internal candidates

methods of advertising jobs

local newspapers

national newspapers

online recruitment sites

recruitment agencies

factors considered for selection

applicant’s ability to do the job

personal qualities as a pro or con

general character/personality

types of tests used

skill tests

aptitude tests (potential to gain more skills)

personality test

group situation tests

benefits of part time employees

more flexible hours

easier to employ more at busy times'

easier to extend business operating hours '

lower pay accepted due to child schedule

lower business costs

easier to make redundant sometimes

limitations of part time employees

less likely to seek training as job is viewed as temporary

longer to recruit 2 pt than 1 ft

less committed and more likely to leave

less likely to be promoted

more difficult to communicate with after work hours

define induction training

an introduction given to a new employee, explaining business activities, customs and procedures and introducing them to their fellow workers.

define on-the-job training

occurs by watching a more experienced worker doing the job.

define off-the-job training

involves being trained away from the workplace, usually by specialist trainers.

importance of training

introduce new processes or equipment

improve efficiency of the workforce

provide training for unskilled workers to make them more valuable

decrease accidents and supervision

advantages of induction training

helps new employees settle in quickly

may be a legal requirement for health & safety

less chances of mistakes

disadvantages of induction training

time-consuming

wages are paid but no work is done

delays start of employee commencing their job

advantages of on-the-job training

employee doesn’t need to be sent away (travel costs)

ensures some production during training

cost less than off-the-job

tailored to specific needs of the business

disadvantages of on-the-job training

trainer may not be as productive as usual

trainer may pass on some bad habits to trainee

no qualifications recognized outside the business

advantages of off-the-job training

broad range of skills can be taught

if taught after work, no output is lost

business will only need to pay for course and not output lost

more versatile as they become multi-skilled

expert trainers with up-to-date knowledge

disadvantages of off-the-job training

high costs

wages are paid but no work is done

additional qualifications means employees can leave more easily

why reduce size of the workforce

automation

reduced demand for the product

factory/shop/office closure

relocating abroad

duplication of jobs due to mergers/takeovers

define dismissal

employment is ended against the will of the employee usually for not acting in accordance to contract of employment

define redundancy

employee is no longer needed so they lose their job. It is not due to any aspect of their work being unsatisfactory.

which employees must be made redundant

some workers are happy to be made so due to redundancy payment

workers part of the business for a long time arent chosen

workers with essential skills are retained

employment history

which departments lose workers and which ones retain them

legal controls over employment

employment contracts

unfair dismissal

discrimination '

health & safety

define contract of employment and it’s impacts

a legal agreement between an employer and employee, listing the rights and responsibilities of workers.

*employers and employees know what is expected of them

*provides security of environment

what is unfair dismissal and what are it’s impacts

when employer ends contract of employment over a reason not covered by it

impact:

employer must keep accurate records

employee can take employer to industrial tribunal

makes a business less likely to treat workers unfairly

protection against discrimination: grounds

different race/colour

different religion

opposite sex

age

disabilities

health and safety requirements

protect workers from dangerous machinery

provide safety equipment and clothing

provide hygienic conditions

breaks and no super long shifts

legal minimum wage impacts

prevent strong employers from exploiting unskilled workers

unskilled workers receiv higher wages

higher living standards

increased unemployment as firms cannot afford increased costs