Chemistry Ch.11

Formal charge

how to determine best structure minimize charges

Formal charge determination

Formal= VE- bonded electrons

bonded electrons: dot= 1, line= 1

VESPR

Valence shell electron Pair Repulsion

what shpe do these molecules have in the 3D world

Bonded domains

atoms attached to cenetral atom

lone pair

2 dots on central atom

Total domains

bonded + nonbonded

Hybridization

What oebital (SPDF) are overlapping to form bond

how to determine hybridization

maximum amoutn eqel total domans

Polarity

uneven distribution of electron desnity

If not symmetrical then polar

if lone pair. probably polar

intermolecular forces

force attraction between molecules (not bonds)

London dispersion (LDF)

temporary shift in electrons

since all molecules have electrons they can experience LDF

Dipole Dipole

a permanent shift in electrons

ALL POLAR MOLECULES

Hydorgen Bonding

Hydoregen connecting to N O F

Ion dipole

metal + nonmetal