Atmosphere Test

Put the layers of the atmosphere in order from lowest altitude to highest altitude.

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

This layer in the atmosphere absorbs ultraviolet radiation.

ozone

Why are CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons) a problem in the atmosphere?

destroy ozone

Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?

stratosphere

What created the first atmosphere?

volcanic outgassing

What gasses were in the first atmosphere?

Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide

What happens to atmospheric pressure as you increase altitude?

It always decreases.

Define temperature.

average kinetic energy (how fast individual molecules move)

Define heat.

transfer of energy from one object to another

What are the two most abundant gases in the atmosphere and what are their percentages?

Nitrogen 78%, Oxygen 21%

What are the 4 common solid particles in the atmosphere?

dust, salt, ice, pollen

Which layers of the atmosphere will temperature INCREASE as you increase altitude?

stratosphere and thermosphere

Which layers of the atmosphere will temperature DECREASE as you increase altitude?

troposphere and mesosphere

How much of the sun's energy is absorbed by the Earth's surface?

50%

How much of the sun's energy is absorbed the atmosphere?

20%

How much of the sun's energy is scattered by the atmosphere?

25%

How much of the sun's energy is reflected by the surface?

5%

What type of heat transfer occurs when molecules make contact?

conduction

Which type of heat transfer is from the flow of a heated material?

convection

What is it called when a solid changes directly into a gas?

sublimation

What is it when a gas changes directly into a solid?

deposition

What is transpiration?

water vapor given off by plants during photosynthesis

If air is heated, what will it do? (rise or sink)

It will rise

What pressure system is associated with warm, rising air?

low pressure

If air is cooled, what will happen to the air? (rise or sink)

It will sink

What pressure system is associated with cool, sinking air?

High pressure

What creates winds?

Differences between pressure systems

What direction will winds blow?

From high pressure systems towards low pressure systems

What causes the Coriolis Effect?

Earth's rotation

Which way are objects deflected in the Northern Hemisphere due to the Coriolis Effect?

To their right

During the daytime at the beach, where is the low pressure system located?

Over the land

During the daytime at the beach, where is the high pressure system located?

Over the water

Why does the wind direction change from a sea breeze during the daytime to a land breeze at nighttime?

The land heats up and cools down faster than the water

Why is it important to study the jet stream?

It steers our weather systems.

Which global wind is located between 30 and 0 degrees latitude?

trade winds

Which global wind is located between 30 and 60 degrees latitude?

prevailing westerlies

Which global wind is located between 60 and 90 degrees latitude?

polar easterlies

Which global wind brings our weather from the west?

prevailing westerlies