Tissues

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts about tissues: muscle (skeletal, smooth, cardiac), nervous and connective tissues, epithelial tissues and their subtypes, cells and components of blood, and neuron/glial cells.

Muscle tissue

Tissue that contracts to produce movement; includes skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle.

Skeletal muscle tissue

Voluntary muscle attached to bones that moves the body.

Smooth muscle tissue

Involuntary muscle in walls of hollow organs that moves substances through organs.

Cardiac muscle tissue

Involuntary muscle of the heart that pumps blood.

Nervous tissue

Tissue that controls the body and transmits electrical signals between brain, spinal cord, and other areas.

Connective tissue

Tissue that supports, protects, and binds organs; includes bone, cartilage, blood, and adipose. It also transports nutrients.

Epithelial tissue

Tissue that lines and protects surfaces of the body, absorbs nutrients, and secretes substances such as hormones, enzymes, mucus, sweat, or oils.

Bone tissue

Tissue that provides support and protection; long bones act as levers in movement.

Cartilage tissue

Structure, cushioning, and shock absorption; found in ears, nose, and between bones.

Adipose tissue

Tissue that stores energy, cushions, and insulates.

Blood

Connective tissue that transports gases, nutrients, and wastes; composed of cells and plasma.

Erythrocyte (RBC)

________ carries oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

Leukocyte (WBC)

White blood cell; fights microorganisms.

Thrombocyte (Platelet)

Cell fragment essential for blood clotting.

Tissue

A group of cells working together to perform a function.

Four main tissue types

Epithelial, nervous, muscle, and connective tissues.

Role of epithelial tissue

Protects surfaces, absorbs nutrients, and secretes; forms lining of skin, cavities, and organs.

Location of epithelial tissue

Found on the skin and lining cavities and internal organs.

Squamous epithelium

Flat, irregular-shaped epithelial cells.

Cuboidal epithelium

Cube-shaped epithelial cells.

Columnar epithelium

Tall, column-shaped epithelial cells.

Simple epithelium

One layer of epithelial cells.

Stratified epithelium

Many layers of epithelial cells.

Cilia

Hair-like projections on some epithelial cells that move substances like mucus.

Simple squamous epithelium

One layer of flat cells; allows diffusion.

Simple cuboidal epithelium

One layer of cube-shaped cells; suited for secretion and absorption.

Simple columnar epithelium

One layer of tall cells; good for absorption and secretion.

Stratified squamous epithelium

Multiple layers of flat cells; provides protection.

Neuron

Nerve cell that transmits electrical signals.

Glial cell

Supportive cells that nourish and protect neurons.

Cell body

The central part of a neuron containing the nucleus (soma).

Dendrites

Branched extensions that receive signals from other neurons.

Axon

Long projection that transmits impulses away from the cell body.

Axon terminal

End of an axon where it forms synapses with other cells.

Nervous tissue role

Transmits electrical signals and controls the body.

nervous tissue

Throughout the entire body.

Cartilage locations

Found in the ears, nose, and between bones.

Long bones function

Used as levers in movement to facilitate locomotion.