Module 3 definitions

Alcohols

organic compounds in which the hydroxyl group is a substituent on a hydrocarbon

Aldehydes

organic compounds containing the carbonyl group bonded to at least 1 hydrogen atom

Alkanes

saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2

Alkenes

unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a carbon-carbon double bond with the general formula CnH2n

Alkynes

unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a carbon-carbon triple bond with the general formula CnH2n-2

Aromatic hydrocarbons

one of a special class of cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons, the simplest of which in benzene

Benzene

a flat, cyclic, 6-carbon compound (C6H6) that has alternating double bonds in a delocalised π-electron cloud

Biomolecule

a molecule that functions in maintain and/or reproducing life

Carboxyl group

the ---COOH group in an organic acid

Carboxylic acids

organic compounds containing the carboxyl group

Ester

an organic compound produced by the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol

Functional group

an atom or group of atoms in hydrocarbon derivatives that contain elements in addition to carbon and hydrogen

Hydrocarbons

compounds of carbon and hydrogen

Ketones

an organic compound containing the carbonyl group bonded to 2 carbon atoms

Organic chemistry

the study of carbon-containing compounds and their properties

Saturated

describes a hydrocarbon in which all carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds

Structural isomerism

describes what occurs when 2 molecules have the same atoms but different bonds

Unsaturated

describes a hydrocarbon containing carbon-carbon multiple bonds