OT 402 - theories of group leadership

lewin leadership styles

1. autocratic

2. democratic

3. laissez-faire

autocratic leadership style (lewin)

focus = productive

democratic leadership style (lewin)

focus = shared decision-making

laissez-faire leadership style (lewin)

focus = deliberate non-interference

situational leadership

1. telling

2. selling

3. participating

4. delegating

telling (situational leadership)

leader-directed (autocratic)

selling (situational leadership)

task completion with limited member interaction (democratic)

participating (situational leadership)

relationship-building and support (democratic)

delegating (situational leadership)

promote group independence (laissez-faire)

transformational leadership

1. idealized influence

2. inspirational motivation

3. intellectual stimulation

4. individualized consideration

idealized influence (transformational leadership)

leader models ideal social and ethical behaviors

inspirational motivation (transformational leadership)

leader provides strong sense of purpose and vision

intellectual stimulation (transformational leadership)

leader emphasizes opportunities to grow and do things differently

individualized consideration (transformation leadership)

leader gives members a sense of autonomy over decisions

path-goal leadership

1. directive

2. supportive

3. participative

4. achievement-oriented

directive (path-goal leadership)

leader tells people what to do

supportive (path-goal leadership)

leader supports needs

participative (path-goal leadership)

leader shares work

achievement-oriented (path-goal leadership)

leader sets expectations

OT group leadership styles

1. directive

2. facilitative

3. advisory

directive leadership (OT)

therapist leads

facilitative leadership (OT)

therapist and members work together

advisory leadership (OT)

members lead

high authority leader

appropriate for low functional performance by members

low authority leader

appropriate for high functional performance by members

advantages of co-leadership

mutual support, coverage, collective knowledge, modeling, different roles

disadvantages of co-leadership

splitting, destructive competition, unequal contribution

mosey's developmental groups

1. parallel

2. project/associative

3. egocentric/cooperative

4. cooperative

5. mature

parallel (mosey)

therapist provides task, structure, and support for members

project/associative (mosey)

therapist provides some choice of task; encourages member interaction; continues to provide structure

egocentric/cooperative (mosey)

members choose task; therapist facilitates interaction and assists members in meeting social and emotional needs

cooperative (mosey)

members provide social and emotional support to each other; therapist acts as an advisor and provides resources as needed

mature (mosey)

members lead; therapist participates as an equal co-member

group decision-making strategies

- decision by authority without discussion

- decision by authority after discussion

- expert member leaders group decision

- average of members' opinions

- decision by minority of group

- democratic decision

- consensus

conflict behaviors

arguing, avoiding, compromise

steps to compromise

1. agree to engage in a dialog

2. each side acknowledges some validity to opponent's argument

3. communication most important point on each side and acknowledge concessions made by each side