Ch5. Integumentary System Medical Term

Androgen

Generic term for an agent that stimulates the development of male characteristics

ductule

very small duct

adip/o

fat

lip/o

fat

steat/o

fat

hidr/o

sweat

sudor/o

sweat

ichthy/o

dry, scaly

kerat/o

horny/hard tissue, cornea

melan/o

black

myc/o

fungus; fungi

onych/o

nail

ungu/o

nail

pil/o

hair

trich/o

hair

scler/o

hardening

seb/o

sebum, sebaceous

squam/o

scale

xen/o

foreign, strange

xer/o

dry

-cyte

cell

-derma

skin

-logist

specialist in the study of

-logy

study of

-therapy

treatment

an-

without, not

epi-

above, upon

homo-

same

erythema

skin redness

hyperesthesia

acute sensitivity to sensory stimuli such as touch, heat, or cold

neoplasm

abnormal growth of new tissue, benign or malignant

metastasis

invasivness

in situ

original site

abscess

localized collection of pus at the site of an infection

acne

Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin with characteristic lesions.

alopecia

partial or complete loss of hair resulting from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, a drug reaction, anticancer medication, or a skin disease; baldness

Bowmen disease

very early form of skin cancer, characterized by a red, scaly patch on the skin; squamous cell carcinoma in situ

cellulitis

diffuse (widespread), acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

chloasma

Pigmentary skin discoloration usually occurring in yellow-brown patches

comedo

typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin

decubitus ulcer

inflammation, sore, or skin deterioration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position, preventing blood flow to tissues.

ecchymosis

skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from bluish black to greenish brown or yellow; bruise

eczema

chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by erythema and scabs, accompanied by intense itching; atopic dermatitis

erythema

redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries

eschar

dead matter that is sloughed off from the surface of the skin, especially after a burn

impetigo

bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

keratosis

thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin

lentigo

small brown macules, brought on by sun exposure, usually on the face and arms

pallor

unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin

pediculosis

infestation with lice

petechia

minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

pruritus

intense itching

psoriasis

chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery scales, caused by excessive development of the basal layer of the epidermis

purpura

any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, producing ecchymoses or petechiae

scabies

contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite

tinea

fungal skin infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; ringworm

urticaria

allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or hives

verruca

epidermal growth caused by a virus; warts

vitiligo

localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches

patch

skin test that identifies allergic contact dermatitis by applying a allergen to a patch

scratch

skin test that indicated allergens by placing a small quantity of allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin; puncture test, prick test

culture and sensitivity

Laboratory test to determine the presence of pathogens in patients with suspected wound infections, identifies appropriate drug therapy

biopsy

representative tissue sample removed from the body site for microscopic examination

frozen section

ultrathin slice of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination

needle biopsy

Removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe

punch biopsy

removal of a small core pf tissue using a hollow punch

shave biopsy

Removal of elevated lesions using a surgical blade

Mohs

procedure that involves progressive removal and examination of layers of cancer-containing skin until only cancer-free tissue remains; micrographic surgery of the skin

skin graft

transplantation of the healthy tissue to an injured site

allograft

transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person; homograft

autograft

transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual

synthetic

transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern

xenograft

transplantation from a foreign donor and transferred to a human; heterograft

cryosurgery

use of subfreezing temperature to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue, such as tumors, warts, and unwanted, cancerous, or infected tissue

debridement

removal of necrotized (dead) tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents

dermabrasion

rubbing using i=wire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scrape away the epidermis

fulguration

tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electric current; electrodesiccation

photodynamic therapy (PDT)

procedure in which cells selectively treated with an agent called photosensitizer are exposed to light to produce a reaction that destroys the cells

antifungals

Alters the cell wall of fungi or disrupts enzyme activity, resulting in cell death

antihistamines

inhibit allergic reactions of inflammation, redness, and itching caused by the release of histamines

antiparasitics

kill insect parasites, like lice and mites

antiseptics

topically applied agents that inhibit the growth of bacteria, preventing infections in cuts, scratches, and surgical incisions

corticosteroids

Decrease inflammation and itching by suppressing the immune system’s inflammatory response to tissue damage

keratolysis

destroy and soften the outer layer of skin so that it is sloughed off or shed

protectives

cover, cool, dry, or soothe inflamed skin

topical anesthetics

block sensation of pain by numbing the skin layers and mucous membranes

Bx,bx

biospy

BCC

basal cell carcinoma

C&S

culture and sensitivity

CA

cancer; chronological age; cardiac arrest

FS

frozen section

ID

intradermal

I&D

incision and drainage

IMP

impression (diagnosis)

IV

intravaneous

TNM

tumor-node-metastasis

ung

ointment

XP, XDP

xeroderma pigmentation