plant reproduction

what happens to the petals, stamen and sepal after fertilisation?

wilt, die, drop off

what happens to the zygote after fertilisation?

becomes the plant embryo

what happens to the ovule wall after fertilisation?

becomes the testa

what happens to the tissues inside the ovule after fertilisation?

become the cotyledon

what happens to the ovary after fertilisation?

becomes the fruit

what part of the flower develops into a seed?

ovule

how does the seed become dormant?

lack of water availability for germination

why are seeds dispersed away from the parent plant?

so that seedlings don’t have to compete with parent plant for light, water, minerals/ nutrients

what are the four mechanisms for seed dispersal?

wind, mechanical, water, animals

how can animals disperse seeds externally?

some seeds stick to fur/ feathers and are carried away

how can animals disperse seeds internally?

by eating fruit, seeds pass through digestive system unharmed and are ejested

how are plants which use mechanical seed dispersal adapted for that process?

dries unevenly and splits open, with force shooting the seeds outwards

how are plants that use internal animal seed dispersal adapted for that process?

sweet fruit, conspicuous colour

how are plants that use external animal seed dispersal adapted for that process?

hooks that stick to fur/ feathers

how are plants that use wind seed dispersal adapted for that process?

large flat ‘wing’ to catch the wind

how are plants that use water seed dispersal adapted for that process?

seed coat is buoyant so it floats

what is the cotyledon?

store of energy rich fats/ carbohydrates

what is the plumule?

forms the leaves

what is the radical?

forms the root

what is the testa?

tough, protective outer layer

what is the micropyle?

entrance for pollen nucleus

what is the definition of germination?

breaking open of the testa and growth of plumule and radical

why is it important for water to enter the seed?

it starts the enzyme breakdown of the cotyledon