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In Medias Res
in the middle of things (where the story starts)
Epic simile
elaborately extended comparisons relating heroic events to simple, everyday events
Epithet
Phrases that describe/characterize a character or item.
Muse
Any one of the nine goddesses of the arts, literature, and sciences. Are said to inspire poets and other artists.
Invocation
Formal plea for aid/help from someone, in this case from a muse
Five characteristics of an epic
The hero is a great leader who is identified strongly with a particular people or society
The setting is broad and often includes supernatural realms, especially the land of the dead
The hero does great deeds in battle or undertakes an extraordinary journey or quest
Sometimes gods or other supernatural/fantastic beings take part in the action
The story is told in heightened language
Archetype
A pattern that appears in literature across cultures and is repeated through the ages (character, lot, image, setting)
How long does it take Odysseus to fight the Trojan War, & how long does it take him to get home?
10 years and 10 years, for a total of 20 years
Homer
Author of Iliad and Odyssey, lived between 800 and 700 BCE, revered as the greatest of the Greek poets, mostly unknown info, likely was blind
Who is the first person that Odysseus meets in the Land of the Dead, and what do they discuss?
Elpenor - a crewmate of theirs that died on Aeaea (Circe) and wants a proper burial and memorial
Who is the second person that Odysseus meets in the Land of the Dead, and what do they talk about?
Anticlea - Odys mother, brief interaction but Odysseus realizes she is dead and grieves that loss
Who is the third person that Odysseus meets in the Land of the Dead, and what do they talk about?
Tiresias - Blind old prophet who tells Odysseus his fate
Lotus-Eaters
Live on an island with lotuses, and when you eat a lotus you are persuaded to stay there forever
Ismarus
Where Odysseus and his men fight the Cicones because they rebelled and ate and drank there
Eurylochus
One of Odysseus’s men, forms the plan to steal Helios’ cattle and convinces the other men
Cronus
Father of Zeus, ate his children
Ogygia
The isle where the nymph Calypso lives, Ody. stays there for 7 years
Telemachus
The son of Odysseus and Penelope
Scylla
6 headed sea monster
Circe
Sorceress, Ody and his men went to her island and she turned all the men into pigs but Ody took something and he was not turned into one
Poseidon
King of the ocean
Laertes
Father of Odysseus and King of Ithaca
Nohbdy
The name that Ody gives Poly to trick him
Tiresias
Old blind prophet that tells Ody his fate
Alcinous
King of Phaecia that Odysseus is telling his story to
Laestrygonians
Cannibal giants that eat/destroy all Odys ships and men except for one
Lampetia
Daughter of Helios who warns her father about them stealing the cattle
Perimedes
Crewmate, accompanies Odysseus to the underworld and gives sacrifices
Characteristics of an epic hero
”Larger than life” person who embodies the highest ideals of his culture
Usually undertakes a quest/journey to achieve something of great value to themselves or society
Epic heroes live on after death meaning they are forever remembered by those who live after them, achieving a type of immortality
Not a “superman” with magical powers, but a “regular” human whose aspirations and accomplishments set them apart
Overcomes great obstacles/opponents but maintains humanity
Often epic hero needs to connect with “lesser” humans
The epic hero is an archetypal character