anatomy mid term..

all the multiple choice from all the tests so far

what are the four most common elements in the human body?

hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen

type of transport that uses no energy

passive transport

characteristic arrangement of elements to provide a molecule with specific functions

functional group

this plane divides the body into superior and inferior

transverse

organelles responsible for making protein within the cell

ribosome

all organs are covered in what tissue

epithelium

the smallest unit of living things

cells

which layer of the skin protects the body from bacterial infection and water loss

epidermis

the part of the skin that had adipose tissue to help insulate

hypodermis

only nerve located in the epidermis

merkel cell

epithelial cells adapted for secretion

glands

epidermal cells begin to die in what layer

stratum granulosum

three major layer of the skin (top to bottom)

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

second degree burns form blisters and damage what layers?

epidermis and dermis

the characteristic by which we classify glands

how cells secrete materials

body tissues that contain a nonliving matrix

connective

an entire muscle is wrapped in a connective tissue called

epimysium

a cord of connective tissue that attached muscle to bone

tendon

connects bone to bone

ligament

a group of muscle fibers enclosed by a perimysium, the outer covering of muscle cells

endomysium

protein found in thick myofilaments

myosin

the smallest unit in the muscular system

sacromere

how to skeletal muscles work

in antagonist pairs

classification of bone tissue is based on

shape of bone

Haversian canal contains

blood vessels and nerves

most of the bones in the body are formed by

ossification - hardening of soft bone

these cells break down or reabsorb bone

osteoclasts

vessles that feed osteocytes are called

canaliculi

spongey bone is located wear in a long bone

the epiphysis

that joint has the largest rang of motion

ball and socket (shoulder)

a mature bone cell

osteocytes

how are joints classified

type of movement

where is yellow bone marrow contained in a long bone

medullary cavity

the tissue that makes up the heart is primarily

cardiac muscle

fibrinogen and fibrin and proteins made by

platelets - to aid in clotting

the most abundant molecule in blood plasma

water

hemoglobin is used by erythrocytes to carry

oxygen

arteries carry blood

away from the heart

cholesterol plaques that cause hypertension form on what part of the artery

tunica intima

hemoglobin is a

protein used RBC’s to carry oxygen

most abundant cell in the body

red blood cells

neurotransmitter in muscle movement

acetylcholine

muscle are only able to

pull

the bone that the muscle anchors itself too

origin

insertion

what bones the muscle contraction moves

melaninoctyes

protect the skin from harmful UV rays

ceruminous gland

make ear wax

sebaceous gland

attached to the hair follicle and secrete oil

what is the dermis comprised of

dense connective tissue, like adipose

thickest layer of the epidermis that’s actively going through mitosis

stratum spinosum

found in the dermis and detect pain

nociceptors

what are hair and nails made of

keratin

what type of epithelium is found in the stomach

columnar

what type of fats posses double/triple bonds

unsaturated fats

what is the respiratory system is dependent on for the movement of molecules across the cell membrane

passive transportation

the body using water to make organic molecules

anabolism