KIN140 module 9

DEVELOPMENTAL COORDINATION DISORDER

(DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder typically emerging in childhood and is characterized by difficulties in the execution of motor tasks that are not attributable to other medical conditions or neurological disorders.

ABSOLUTE CONTRAINDICATION

is a condition which makes a particular treatment or course of action inadvisable under any circumstance (e.g., a person living with an anaphylactic food allergy should never eat the food to which (s)he is allergic to)

APPROPRIATE FOR GESTATIONAL AGE

is a birth weight classification indicating the child’s size is within a typical ranges for gestational age

DECISION TREE

is a schematic, tree-shaped diagram, which is used as a support tool to determine a course of action, wherein each branch represents a possible decision

EXERCISE-RELATED ADVERSE EVENT

is an undesired outcome or occurrence within or shortly after the course of exercise

GESTATIONAL DIABETES

is a diabetic condition that only appears during pregnancy, which effects the manner in which the body processes and utilizes glucose, but typically goes away following the birth of the infant

HYPERGLYCEMIA

refers to high sugar levels in the blood

HYPOGLYCEMIA

refers to low sugar levels in the blood

LARGE FOR GESTATIONAL AGE

is a weight classification indicating the child’s weight is greater than the 90th percentile for gestational age

MACROSOMIA

refers to a neonate with excessive birth weight, which is generally associated with infants of mothers with diabetes (e.g., gestational diabetes)

NORMOGLYCEMIA

Refers to blood sugar levels in a typical range

RELATIVE CONTRAINDICATIONS

is a condition which makes a person at a higher risk of complications from a treatment or course of action, but the risks may be outweighed by other considerations or mitigated by other measures

SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE

is a birth weight classification indicating the child’s size is two standard deviations below the expected birth weight for length of gestation

IDIOPATHIC DISEASE

(Gk, idios meaning one’s own; pathos meaning suffering) is a disease with an unknown cause

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

is a progressive, autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, where the immune system attacks myelin causing inflammation and often damage to the myelin, which results in an interrupted or distorted flow of nerve impulses

PROGRESSIVE DISEASE

is a disease which will continue to worsen, grow, or spread over time

RELAPSING-REMITTING MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

is a type of MS where individuals experience predictable relapses or exacerbations, where new symptoms develop or existing ones worsen over a short period, followed by periods of partial or complete recovery known as remissions, where symptoms improve or disappear entirely.

RESTING TREMOR

is a tremor which occurs when a limb is resting in a relaxed, fully supported state

RISK FACTOR

is a variable associated with an increased prevalence of a condition

BRADYKINESIA

refers to a slowness of movement; a cardinal symptom of Parkinson’s Disease

CARDINAL SYMPTOM

is the primary or major symptom(s) by which clinical diagnosis of a condition is made

COGWHEEL RIGIDITY

is a type of rigidity seen in Parkinson’s Disease where the muscles respond with cogwheel-like jerks (a ratchet-like start and stop) to the use of constant force in bending the limb through the range of motion in a joint (e.g., elbow)

DOPAMINE

is a chemical neurotransmitter in the central nervous system that helps to regulate movement and emotional response, the depletion of which may cause Parkinson Disease

FREEZING OF GAIT

describes a sudden, temporary inability to initiate or continue walking, often described as feeling "stuck" to the ground.

MICROGRAPHIA

refers to small, cramped handwriting that progressively worsens over time.

PARKINSON'S DISEASE

is a progressive, degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that primarily impairs motor function due to a loss of dopamine-producing brain cells

RIGIDITY

is a stiffness of the limbs and the trunk; a major symptom of Parkinson’s Disease

SUBSTANTIA NIGRA

is a basal ganglia structure located in the midbrain that produces dopamine

TREMOR

is a rhythmical, Involuntary oscillatory (shaking) movement of a body part