AP English Language & Composition Ultimate Guide

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35 Terms

1

What is Rhetoric?

Rhetoric is the use of language as a means of persuasion, involving strategies an author uses to impact an audience.

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2

What does the variable X represent in the rhetorical strategy formula?

X represents the specific rhetorical strategies an author uses, such as metaphors, similes, or different types of diction.

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3

Define Diction.

Diction refers to an author's choice of words, which affects the style and tone of a text.

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4

What is the difference between Denotation and Connotation?

Denotation is a word's literal meaning, while connotation includes the range of additional meanings and associations a word may carry.

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5

What does Syntax refer to in rhetorical strategies?

Syntax refers to the arrangement and structure of words in a sentence to achieve a specific effect.

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6

Give an example of Figurative Language.

An expression that departs from literal meaning, such as 'With malice toward none' to convey kindness.

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7

What is Hyperbole?

Hyperbole is the use of exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally for emphasis or effect.

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8

Define Understatement.

Understatement presents facts as much less significant than they inherently are, often for comic effect.

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9

What is a Simile?

A simile is a figure of speech comparing two unlike objects using 'like' or 'as'.

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10

What is an Extended Metaphor?

An extended metaphor is a comparison that lasts longer than just one phrase or sentence throughout a text.

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11

Define Symbolism.

Symbolism is the use of a concrete object to represent an abstract idea.

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12

What is Personification?

Personification is a figure of speech where inanimate objects or concepts are given human qualities.

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13

What is a Rhetorical Question?

A rhetorical question is a question posed for effect rather than to elicit an answer, often implying its own answer.

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14

Define Irony.

Irony is a figure of speech where words are used to convey the opposite of their literal meaning.

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15

What is Satire?

Satire is a genre that uses humor, irony, or exaggeration to critique or mock societal norms or behaviors.

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16

Explain Logos.

Logos is an appeal to logic and reasoning, relying on facts, statistics, and logical arguments.

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17

What is Ethos?

Ethos is an appeal to credibility or character, convincing the audience of the speaker's trustworthiness.

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18

Define Pathos.

Pathos is an emotional appeal used to persuade an audience by appealing to their feelings, values, or desires.

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19

What is Classification in rhetorical modes?

Classification involves categorizing information into meaningful groups based on shared characteristics.

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20

What is Process Analysis?

Process analysis explains how to do something or how something was done, often using chronological order.

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21

What does Cause and Effect describe?

Cause and effect explains the relationships between events or actions, detailing how one leads to another.

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22

What is the purpose of Definition in writing?

Definition clarifies the meaning of terms or concepts, ensuring the audience understands the writer's intent.

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23

Define Description as a rhetorical mode.

Description creates a vivid picture for the reader, often appealing to the senses to paint a scene.

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24

What is Narration?

Narration is the telling of a story, usually structured chronologically with a clear beginning, middle, and end.

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25

What does Induction involve in reasoning?

Induction involves drawing general conclusions based on specific examples.

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26

Describe Deduction in logical reasoning.

Deduction applies general principles to draw conclusions about specific cases or instances.

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27

What is a Rhetorical Fallacy?

A rhetorical fallacy is faulty reasoning leading to a conclusion the speaker or writer wants the audience to accept.

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28

What is Ad Hominem?

Ad Hominem is a rhetorical fallacy that attacks the character of the person making an argument rather than addressing the argument itself.

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29

Define Scare Tactics in rhetoric.

Scare tactics seek to frighten an audience into agreement by exaggerating possible negative outcomes.

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30

What is a Red Herring?

A red herring is a rhetorical fallacy that distracts from the main issue by introducing irrelevant information.

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31

Explain Hasty Generalization.

Hasty generalization is a fallacy where a conclusion is drawn from an insufficient or biased sample.

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32

What does Circular Argument entail?

A circular argument asserts a conclusion based on premises that restate the same conclusion without proper evidence.

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33

Define False Dichotomy.

False dichotomy presents a situation as having only two possible outcomes when other options exist.

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34

What is the structure of an Argumentative Essay?

The structure typically includes an introduction with a thesis, body paragraphs for supporting evidence, and a conclusion.

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35

Explain the importance of the Thesis Statement.

The thesis statement presents the main argument and guides the direction of the essay.

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