Intro to AP WH: Africa, India, Japan & China

What were some prominent African trade routes?

The Trans-Saharan, Northern & Western European and Maritime Routes.

Share information on the Trans-Saharan Routes.

Spread across North Africa. Regional trade networks & long distance trade routes in the Eastern Hemisphere.

Share information on the Silk Road.

Spanned across Asia and into the Mediterranean Sea.

Share information on the Northern & Western European Routes.

Link to Black Seat (N) and river trade (W).

Provide information on the first humans.

Appeared in Africa in clans and were nomadic until domesticated.

What is Swahili?

Emerged in approximately 1000 CE as a blending of Arabic with the Bantu language and was the result of expanding global trade patterns.

Explain the Animism belief.

People believe sports are present in animals, plants and natural forces.

Provide information on Ghana.

Located relative to the Niger RIver and Sahara Desert. Land of gold and salt with Trans-Saharan trade route.

Provide information on Mali.

Located relative to the Niger RIver and Sahara Desert. Lead by Mansa Musa.

Who was Mansa Musa?

Wealthy leader of Mali, who built the city of Timbuktu - center of trade and learning, mosques and universities.

Provide information on Songhai.

After Mali declined, people broke away and formed a new civilization near the Niger River.

Who were two important leaders of Songhai and what was their significance?

Sunni Ali - Captured Timbuktu

Ashika Muhammad - Set up tax system and chose qualified officials

Provide information on Axum.

Located relative to the Ethiopian Highlands and Nile River.

Who was King Ezana?

Traditionally monotheistic, King Ezana ruled Axum and converted to Christianity.

Provide information on Zimbabwe.

By Zambezi and Limpopo rivers and the Indian Ocean coast.

What was the capital of Zimbabwe?

City of “Great Zimbabwe” was capital of a prosperous empire.

What mineral allowed Zimbabwe to trade across the Indian Ocean?

Gold.

What are some goods Africa traded with or for?

Gold, spices, textile and porcelain.

What is some technology Africa traded with or for?

Paper, crops, water wheels and windmills.

What are some navigation tools Africa traded with or for?

Compasses and laten sails.

What were the key factors of Confucianism?

Bureaucracy, Filial Piety and civil service.

What were the key factors of Daoism?

Laozi, humility, harmony with nature and Yin and Yang.

What were the key factors of Legalism?

Han Feizi and harsh punishments.

Who was Classical China founded by and when?

Liu Bang following the civil war (Fall of Qin Dynasty).

What Chinese Philosophy did Classical China apply?

Confucianism.

What were the contributions of Classical China?

• Civil Service System

• Porcelain

• Silk

• Paper

What were some key factors of Hinduism?

• Aryans

• Karma

• Caste System

• Moksha (Enlightenment)

• Reincarnation

• Holy Books - Vedas and Upanishads

What are some key facts about the Mauryan Empire?

• 321-232 BCE

• Founded by Chandragupta

• Unified Northern India

Who was Ashoka?

Prince and grandson of Chandragupta Maurya.

What did Ashoka do?

• Continued political unification of much of India

• Converted to and spread Buddhism

• Established free hospitals and veterinary clinics

• Built a system of good roads to make travel and communication easier

What are some key facts about the Gupta Empire?

• 320-415 CE

• Founded by Chandra Gupta

• Unified Northern and Central India

What were some of the Classical Indian contributions in Math?

Concept of zero and the decimal system.

What were some of the Classical Indian contributions in Medicine?

Setting of bones, surgery and vaccines.

What was a Classical Indian contribution in textile?

Cotton cloth.

What were some of the Classical Indian contributions in Literature?

Poetry and plays.

What was a Classical Indian contribution in astronomy?

Concept of a round Earth.

What were some significant geographical features of Japan?

• Mountainous Japanese archipelago - group of islands

• Sea of Japan or East Sea between Japan and Asia mainland

• Proximity to China and Korea

What things did Japan derive from Chinese culture?

Writing, architecture and Buddhism.

Go into detail about the ethnic religion the Japanesse followed.

Shinto Religion

• Importance of natural features, forces of nature and ancestors

• State religion: worshipping the Emperor

• Coexistence with Buddhism

Explain the Japanese Middle Ages.

• 600-800 CE

• Emperor led

• Centralized rule

Explain the Japanese Heian Period.

• 800-1600 CE

• Feudal government

• Decentralized

Explain the Japanese Shogunate.

• 1880-1860 CE

• Led by Shogun - supreme military and political leader

• Centralizied

What is feudalism?

Political system in which lords are granted the use of lands in return for loyalty and military.

What was the role of the emperor in Japan?

Top of Japanese society but had little real power.

What was a Shogun?

The actual ruler of Japan.

Who were Daimyo?

Wealthy landowners.

Who were the Samurai Warriors?

• Warrior class that fights for Lord in exchange for an allowance

• Followed a strict code of Bushido (“the way of the warrior”)

• Enter battle with iron and leather armor, swords, and bows & arrows

Provide information on peasants.

Largest class that also includes artisans.

Provide information on merchants.

The lowest class because they produced nothing on their own.

Share the order of the Japanese Feudalism social pyramid.

1. Emperor

2. Shogun

3. Daimyo

4. Peasants

5. Merchants