apes

Closure

When hearing the words "eel is on the wagon," you would likely perceive the first word as "wheel." Given "eel is on the orange," you would likely perceive the first word as "peel." This context effect best illustrates the organizational principle of:

Texture gradient

The individual boulders and crevices of the huge and clearly visible mountain peak appeared so indistinct to the hikers that they knew it would take them another full day to reach it. This best illustrates the impact of \________ on distance perception.

Size constancy

As the retinal image of a horse galloping toward you becomes larger, it is unlikely that the horse will appear to grow larger. This best illustrates the phenomenon of:

Kinesthesis

With her eyes closed, Sierra can accurately touch her mouth, nose, and chin with her index finger. Sierra's accuracy illustrates the importance of

Relative size

Renny knew the red tulip was closer to her than the yellow tulip because the red one cast a larger retinal image than the yellow one. This illustrates the importance of the distance cue known as

Retina

Bipolar cells are located in the

Hair cells

The mechanical vibrations triggered by sound waves are transduced into neural impulses by

Transduction

The local fire department sounds the 12 o clock whistle

Selective attention

A bank teller was so distracted by the sight of a bank robbery weapon she couldn't perceive the criminal's physical appearance

Sensory adaptation

Diminished sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as

Top-Down Processing

People are more likely to perceive a figure and ground illustration as reversible if they are told it is reversible. This best illustrates the importance of

Stroboscopic movement

The perception that Bugs Bunny is hopping across a movie screen best illustrates

Relative clarity

Although the mountains were over 30 miles away, the morning sky was so clear that Showana thought they were only half a distance away. This best illustrates

Top-Down Processing

The organizational principles identified by gestalt psychologists best illustrate

Cholea

The retina is to the eye as the -- is to the ear

Pupil

The adjustable opening in the center of the eyes is the

Cocktail party effect

After reading her horoscope...

Vestibular sense

The semicircular canals are most directly relevant to

Blindsight

Certain stroke victims report seeing nothing when shown a series of sticks

Context effects

It wasn't until Clara heard some of her classmates laughing loudly during history class that she began to perceive professors lectures as funny

The opponent-process theory

The fact that people who are colorblind to red and green may still see yellow

Red; blue

Low pitches sounds are to high pitched sounds as \--- colors are to \--- colors

Signal detection theory

The fact that fear may increase your sensitivity to an almost imperceptible pain stimulus is of most relevance to

Context effects

The horizon Moon appears to shrink in size if it is viewed through a narrow tube that eliminates the perception of distance cues. This best illustrates

Perceptual adjustment to an artificially displaced visual field

Perceptual adaptation refers to

Linear perspective

The apparent narrowing of a river as it flows directly away from you into the distance best illustrates the depth cue known as

Parallel processing

The ability to simultaneously recognize the color, shape, size, and speed of an oncoming automobile best illustrates

Placebo effect

When informed that a brief imperceptible message would be flashed repeatedly during a popular TV program, many viewers reported feeling strangely hungry or thirsty during the show. Since the imperceptible message had nothing to do with hunger or thirst, viewers' strange reactions best illustrate

Sensory interaction

The green-colored ham and eggs had such a strange appearance that they tasted terrible to sam, This best illustrates

Green light are inhibited by exposure to red light

According to the opponent-process theory, cells that are stimulated by exposure to:

Proximity

Because the football game was interrupted by long halftime. 5-year-old Mark mistakenly concluded that the first and second halves of play were two different games. His experience best illustrates the organizational principle of:

Visual acuity

Damage to the fovea would have the greatest effect on

Cocktail party effect

The ability to pay attention to only one voice at a time is called:

Top-Down processing

Our experience of pain may be intensified when we perceive that others are experiencing pain. This best illustrates the importance of:

Difference thresholds

Weber's law is relevant to an understanding of:

The phi phenomenon

The sequentially flashing Christmas tree lights appeared to generate pulsating waves of motion. This best illustrates:

Weber's law

Giulio's bag of marbles is twice as heavy as Jim's. If it takes 5 extra marbles to make Jim's bag feel heavier, it will take 10 extra marbles to make Giulio's bag feel heavier. This best illustrates:

Closure

During a radio ad, listeners are repeatedly asked, "What would life be like without Fletcher Ice cream?" At the end of the ad, the same question is clearly interrrrupted immediately after the word "without". At that point many listeners mentally respond with the words "Fletchers Ice Cream". Their response best illustrates the principle of:

Depth perception

the organization of two-dimensional retinal images into three-dimensional perrceptions is called:

Place

The discovery that high-frequency sounds trigger large vibrations near the beginning of the basilar membrane supports the __ theory

a white cloud; blue sky

Figure is to ground as \________ is to \________.

Visual capture

Janice experienced motion sickness simply from watching a movie scene of a thrilling motorcycle chase. Her experience best illustrates the impact of

Subliminal stimulation

Soothing musical audiotapes accompanied by faint and imperceptible verbal messages designed to increase a desire to lose weight best illustrate

Sensory interaction

During the months when there is a large amount of pollen in the air, your hay fever severely affects your sense of smell. At the same time your food all seems to taste the same. This illustrates the importance of

Visual

the feature detectors identified by Hubel and Weisel respond to specific aspects of __ stimulation

Absolute threshold for light is likely to increase

If an adult develops cataracts, his or her

The misperception of distance

The Ames illusion involving two girls who are perceived as very different in size can best be explained in terms of

Continuity

The perception of the letter "t" as two intersecting lines rather than as four nonintersecting lines illustrates the principle of

nurture; nature

John Locke is to Immanuel Kant as \_____ is to \_____.

Perceptual Schemas/Template

The perception of a human life face in the random configurations of the lunar landscape best illustrates the impact of __ on visual perception

Smell

Which of the following is best described as a chemical sense?

Sensory adaptation

After listening to your high volume car stereo for 15 minutes, you fail to realize how loudly the music is blasting. This best illustrates

Difference thresholds

Some people are better than others at detecting slight variations in the tastes of various blends of coffee. This best illustrates the importance of

Below one's absolute threshold for awareness

A subliminal message is one that is presented:

the McGurk effect

If we see a speaker mouthing day while actually hearing someone else saying may, we may perceive a third syllable bay that blends both inputs. This phenomenon is known as

Feature detection

When looking at the hands of a clock showing 8 o'clock, certain brain cells in the visual cortex are more responsive than when the hands show 10 o'clock. This is most indicative of

Green

When most people stare at a red square and then shift their eyes to a white surface, the afterimage of the square is:

Blindsight

Ms. Shields, a recent stroke victim, cannot continuously perceive the large book on the coffee table in front of her. Yet, when urged to identify the book, she correctly reads aloud the printed title on the book cover. Her response best illustrates.

Retina

The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the rods and cones, is the

Visual cortex

People who demonstrated blindsight have most likely suffered to their:

Nerve deafness

Damage to the basilar membrane is most likely to result in

Process by which the lens changes shape in order to focus images on the retina.

Accommodation refers to the:

Blind spot

The area of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye is called the:

Iris

Dilation and construction of the pupil are controlled by the:

Top-down processing

Perceptions begin with the most general and move toward the more specific

The lens loses its ability to change shape readily

As people grow older, they are most likely to need glasses because:

Cochlea

The coiled, fluid-filled tube in which sound waves trigger nerve impulses is called the

Absolute threshold

Although Manuel was sitting right next to his parents, he smelled a skunk minutes before they did. Apparently, Manuel has a lower _____ for skunk odor than his parents have

Middle ear

Sound wave vibrations are transmitted by three tiny bones located in the

Mucles, tendons, and joints

Receptor cells for kinesthesis are located in the

8

In the just noticeable difference for a 10-ounce weight is 1 ounce, the just noticeable difference for an 80-ounce weight would be __ ounce

An object's perceived color is influenced by its surrounding object

The phenomenon of color constancy best demonstrates that

Distraction

If Jared watches a nurse give him an injection, he experiences more pain than if he closes his eyes during the procedure and thinks about his favorite food. This illustrates the value of ___ for pain control

Place

After a small section of his basilar membrane was damaged, Jason experienced a noticeable loss of hearing for high-pitched sounds only. Jason's hearing loss is best explained by the \____ theory.

Transduction

The process by which our sensory systems convert stimulus energies into neutral messages is called

Parallel processing

The human ability to speedily recognize familiar objects best illustrates the value of

Location

Cooking your head would be most useful for detecting the \___ if a sound

Unconsciously processed information is unusually persuasive

Those who believe in the value of subliminal audiotapes would be wrong to claim that:

Young-Helmholtz

Evidence that some cones are especially sensitive to red light, other to green light, and still others to blue light is most directly supportive of the \____ theory

Signal detection theory

An exhausted forest ranger may notice the faintest scent of a forest fire, whereas much stronger but less important odors fail to catch her attention. This fact would be of greatest relevance to

Semicircular canals

Which of the following play the biggest role in our feeling dizzy and unbalanced after a thrilling roller-coaster ride

Smell

Olfactory receptor cells are essential for our sensory

Distraction

Which of the following pain control techniques is emphasized in the Lamaze method of childbirth training?

Sensorineural hearing loss

A cochlear implant would be most helpful for those who suffer:

Loudness

Brightness is to light as \____ to sound.

Optic nerve

The axons of ganglion cells coverage to form:

The vestibular sense

The ability to detect whenever your body is in a horizontal or vertical position depends most directly on:

Parallel processing

The ability to simultaneously princess the pitch, loudness, melody and meaning of a song best

Olfactory receptors

Which of the following would play a role in quickly alerting you to a gas leak in your home?

Subliminal stimulation

News about the supposed effects of briefly presented messages on moviegoers' consumption of popcorn and Coca-Cola involved false claims regarding:

The opponent-process theory

Experiencing a green afterimage of a red object is most easily explained by

Hue

The amplitude of electromagnetic waves determines the \_____ of light.

Kinesthesia refers to the

System for sensing the position and movement of muscles, tendons, and joints.

Perception

Damage to the temporal lobe region of the brain essential for facial recognition a loss of:

The gate control theory

On the day she is to be interviewed for an important new position, Rachel awakens with a severe toothache. During the interview she feels no pain; not until 30 minutes later does she become aware again of the troublesome toothache. Rachel's experience is best explained by.

Perception

The process by which we select, organize, and intercept sensory information in order to recognize meaningful objects and events is called:

Retina

The amount of light entering the eye is regulated by the

Hair cells

Cones and rods are to vision as \____ are to audition.

Equally as yellow as

On a cloudy day, a yellow flower is likely to appear \______ it does on a bright sunny day.

Sensory interaction

With her eyes closed and her nose plugged, Chandra was unable to taste the difference between an onion and a pear. Her experience best illustrates the importance of