Histo STAAR Review 8th grade

These flashcards cover key concepts and important vocabulary related to significant historical events and figures from the Exploration and Colonial Era through the Civil War and Reconstruction.

Exploration

Reasons for exploration include religion (God), wealth (Gold), and fame (Glory).

Colonization

The establishment of colonies for religious and political freedom as well as economic opportunities.

Slavery

The practice adopted by settlers to use African slaves for labor in growing cash crops.

French and Indian War

A conflict in North America between British colonists and French forces, often allied with Native Americans.

Treaty of Paris (1763)

The agreement that ended the French and Indian War and established boundaries for the colonies.

Abolition Movement

Social movement aimed at ending slavery, with notable leaders such as Frederick Douglass and Sojourner Truth.

Boston Tea Party

A protest by the colonists against the Tea Act, leading to the Intolerable Acts.

Emancipation Proclamation

Issued by President Lincoln to free slaves in the Southern states.

Industrialization

An economic transition from agriculture to manufacturing, marked by the rise of factories.

Manifest Destiny

The belief that the U.S. was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.

Nullification

The idea that states have the right to invalidate federal laws they find unconstitutional.

Secession

The withdrawal of Southern states from the Union, leading to the Civil War.

Civil Disobedience

Refusal to obey certain laws to influence legislation, often through nonviolent means.

Radical Reconstruction

A period during which radical republicans aimed to reshape Southern society after the Civil War.

Slave Codes

Laws that defined the status of slaves and the rights of masters.

Double jeopardy

A legal doctrine stating a person cannot be tried for the same crime twice.

Judicial Review

The power of the Supreme Court to invalidate laws that are unconstitutional.

Checks and Balances

A system that ensures no one branch of government becomes too powerful.

Constitutional Convention

Meeting held to address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, leading to the current U.S. Constitution.

Maryland

Founded by Catholics seeking religious freedom.

Popular Sovereignty

The principle that the authority of the government is created and sustained by the consent of its people.