EMT - Chapter 5 - Communiction
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Your ambulance was dispatched for a patient complaining of shortness of breath at 1512. You arrived on scene at 1523 and left at 1538. You arrived at the hospital with the patient at 1557 and were back in service at 1622. Given this information, which is true?
A.
The call took place in the morning
B.
The time spent at the hospital was 16 minutes and 22 seconds
C.
Your scene time was 15 minutes
D.
You arrived on the scene at 5:23 p.m.
C.
Your scene time was 15 minutes
Which of following is a disadvantage in using a cell (or mobile) phones as an emergency backup communication system?
A.
Cell (mobile) phone use is not monitored by the FCC
B.
Cell (mobile) phones may not be effective in disaster situations
C.
Cell (mobile) phones do not offer high-quality sound
D.
There is less privacy when using cell phones, as compared to radios
B.
Cell (mobile) phones may not be effective in disaster situations
An advantage to asking the patient close-ended questions is that this practice offers a(n):
A.
Opportunity for the patient to elaborate about the medical complaint
B.
Opportunity to get a detailed response from the patient
C.
Ability to get medical information very quickly
D.
Chance to get a significant amount of information
C.
Ability to get medical information very quickly
You pull up to the scene of a one-car motor vehicle collision and find an off-duty emergency department physician from a local hospital treating the patient. What is the best way to initially communicate with the doctor?
A.
"The law requires you to let us handle the situation."
B.
"Thank you, doctor, you can go now; we will take over."
C.
"We will be in the ambulance if you need us."
D.
"Hello, doctor. We are EMTs. How can we help?"
D.
"Hello, doctor. We are EMTs. How can we help?"
When using your portable radio, you must push the "press to talk" button and wait one second before speaking. This is essential to effective communication because your EMS system uses:
A.
Digital equipment
B.
Portable transmitter/receiver
C.
Repeaters
D.
Cellular telephone links
C.
Repeaters
As you drive the ambulance with lights and sirens activated to the hospital, the paramedic asks you to notify the receiving hospital since he is busy caring for the patient, who is critical. The paramedic tells you to specifically let the emergency department know that the patient's blood sugar is 15 mg/dL (very low). There is no history of diabetes. How should you state this information to the hospital?
A.
"The blood sugar is 15. Be advised that the paramedic, not I, checked the blood sugar."
B.
"The patient is not a diabetic but has a low blood sugar."
C.
"Be advised that the blood sugar is 15=that is, one-five mg/dL."
D.
"We have a blood sugar that is 15. I think that the patient is very critical."
C.
"Be advised that the blood sugar is 15-that is, one-five mg/dL."
You are treating a 2-year-old girl who fell off her bike. She is scared, continues to cry, and will not answer any of your questions. What would be a good strategy to help find out where the girl hurts?
A.
Promise the girl a reward like ice cream if she answers the questions
B.
Use an adult-like stern voice and tell the girl she needs to answer the questions
C.
Tell the patient she will be okay if she tells you what hurts
D.
Have the girl's mother ask your questions for you
D.
Have the girl's mother ask your questions for you
The wife of a 57-year-old male called 911 because her husband had chest pain. Which piece of information would be included in your SBAR report to the hospital during transport?
A.
"His wife also has a history of high blood pressure, so it appears to run in the family."
B.
"I am thinking that the patient would benefit from 324 mg of aspirin."
C.
"The call originated at the address to which we responded."
D.
"The police were called after a neighbor complained about where the ambulance was parked."
B.
"I am thinking that the patient would benefit from 324 mg of aspirin."
What role does the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) play in EMS?
A.
The FCC approves maintenance and repair contracts for communication equipment used by EMS systems
B.
The FCC establishes and enforces regulations related to the use of radio operations
C.
The FCC determines the essential information that EMTs must relay to a receiving hospital about patient care
D.
The FCC regulates only the radio communication systems that are used by police, fire, and EMS
B.
The FCC establishes and enforces regulations related to the use of radio operations
A patient who was complaining of a headache is being transported to the hospital. After you provide a report to the emergency department, the patient begins to unexpectedly seize. The seizure lasts for 1-2 minutes and then stops, but now you notice the patient's eyes have become unequal in size. You are still 5 minutes from the hospital. After providing care for the seizure, your next action should be to:
A.
Continue care and transport to the hospital
B.
Contact family via cell phone and determine whether the patient has a history of seizures
C.
Document the seizure on the prehospital care report
D.
Call the hospital and inform its staff of the seizure
D.
Call the hospital and inform its staff of the seizure
What should be an expected reason why a portable radio suddenly fails to operate normally while on the scene of an emergency?
A.
Repeater failure
B.
Dead battery
C.
Cracked antennae
D.
Clogged mic
B.
Dead battery
As your ninth emergency call during a 12-hour shift, you are summoned to a dance club at 0215 hours for a "drunk person." While on scene, your partner stands with arms crossed, looking down at the floor, and shaking her head negatively as you try to gather the SAMPLE history. Her nonverbal behavior may be interpreted by the patient or bystanders as:
A.
Sincerity
B.
Fear
C.
Anger
D.
Acceptance
C.
Anger
In which situation should the EMT honor the wishes of the patient's family rather than the patient's wishes regarding treatment and transport decisions?
A.
When the family, rather than the patient, is responsible for paying the ambulance and hospital bill
B.
When the patient is a child or is an adult who does not have the capacity to make his or her own decisions
C.
If the patient is an adopted family member from another culture who has not yet become accustomed to normal practices in the United States
D.
When the family's decision about treatment and transport coincides with the EMT's decision, even if the patient disagrees
C.
If the patient is an adopted family member from another culture who has not yet become accustomed to normal practices in the United States
When relying on a cell (mobile) phone for medical communications, the EMT realizes that:
A.
He should use the same format of communication as used for radio transmissions
B.
He can talk more casually and not in as structured a manner as when using the radio
C.
He can relay his diagnosis of the patient's problem to the emergency department
D.
He is free to relay personal and confidential information not allowed over the radio
A.
He should use the same format of communication as used for radio transmissions
An effective and reliable communication system is essential to the EMT and the EMS system because:
A.
It has been shown to decrease the number of lawsuits against EMS providers
B.
The safety of an EMT is guaranteed at a dangerous scene
C.
EMTs are better able to assess patients
D.
It allows hospitals to better prepare for the arrival of a patient
D.
It allows hospitals to better prepare for the arrival of a patient
A patient denies difficulty breathing, but displays signs of respiratory distress. You state, "I know that you said you are breathing fine, but you cannot speak more than two to three words at a time without gasping for air." Your response is an example of:
A.
Contradiction
B.
Explanation
C.
Confrontation
D.
Empathy
C.
Confrontation
You are treating an 82-year-old female who is having trouble hearing some of your questions. Which technique would be most helpful in obtaining her medical history?
A.
Speak clearly and slowly
B.
Enlist the help of a neighbor
C.
Defer further questions until en route to the hospital
D.
Speak with a loud and higher-pitched voice
A.
Speak clearly and slowly
Haptics is the study of:
A.
Maintaining eye contact
B.
Touching
This is the correct answer.C.
Asking questions
D.
Nonverbal response
B.
Touching
How should the EMT respond when first making contact with an alert and oriented patient who complains of chest pain?
A.
"My name is Charles Smith, and I am an EMT. Can I help you?"
B
"Did you call for an ambulance? I am here to help."
C.
"I am an EMT. Do you want to go to the hospital?"
D.
"I am here to help you. Do you have chest pain?"
A.
"My name is Charles Smith, and I am an EMT. Can I help you?"
A 42-year-old female complains of shortness of breath. Which question would best assist you in getting additional information about the patient's chief complaint?
A.
"Have you ever had a myocardial infarction before?"
B.
"You appear to be short of breath. Are you also having other problems?"
This is the correct answer.C.
"Did you get diaphoretic when the shortness of breath started?"
D.
"Why did you wait 2 hours to call for an ambulance?"
B.
"You appear to be short of breath. Are you also having other problems?"
Which important piece of information has been omitted from the following report: "Salem Community Hospital, we are en route with a 61-year-old male complaining of generalized weakness. He states that he was cutting the grass when he suddenly became hot and weak, forcing him to sit down. He has a history of diabetes and prostate cancer, but takes no medications. Right now he is alert and oriented and has the following vital signs: pulse 96, respirations 18, and blood pressure 156/82 mmHg, and room-air pulse ox was 92%. We have placed him on 2 liters of oxygen by nasal cannula and are transporting in semi-Fowler position. He states that the weakness is starting to resolve. Do you have questions or orders?"
A.
Location of the incident
B.
Medications the patient is taking
C.
Patient's family physician
D.
ETA to the hospital
D.
ETA to the hospital
Which statement reflects the most appropriate way to alert a receiving hospital that you are en route with a patient?
A.
"St. Margaret's, can you take a report on a person with chest pain?"
B.
"Dr. Jackson, this is EMT Mike Bennet, can you hear me?"
C.
"St. Elizabeth Hospital, this is BLS ambulance 104. How do you copy?"
This is the correct answer.D.
"Inbound with a 76-year-old male complaining of dizziness."
C.
"St. Elizabeth Hospital, this is BLS ambulance 104. How do you copy?"
While you are returning from lunch, a frantic woman flags you down and states that she just found a young child on the roadside who appears to have been hit by a car. She is not sure if the child is breathing. You should immediately:
A.
Call for paramedic assistance and await that unit's arrival
B.
Grab equipment and get to the child's location
C.
Inform the woman that she will need to call 911 first
D.
Advise dispatch that you have been flagged down for a possible emergency, and identify your location
D.
Advise dispatch that you have been flagged down for a possible emergency, and identify your location
When providing a lengthy radio report, the most important reason to pause every 30 seconds is so that:
A.
The repeater can process and transmit all that you are saying
B.
Other people can use the radio for emergency transmissions that may arise
This is the correct answer.C.
The person receiving the message has time to think about what you are saying
D.
The person receiving the message can write down what you are saying
B.
Other people can use the radio for emergency transmissions that may arise
Which phrase best illustrates the EMT using the summary technique of therapeutic communication with a patient experiencing depression?
A.
"Since you are depressed, we need to transport you to the hospital."
B.
"Since you are not in a normal state of mind, we have to transport you to the ED."
C.
"From your story, it seems that you have been depressed for several weeks now."
This is the correct answer.D.
"I know how you feel; my brother suffers from depression."
C.
"From your story, it seems that you have been depressed for several weeks now."
Which statement is most appropriate to relay after establishing radio contact with the destination emergency department to which you are transporting a patient?
A.
"En route to your facility with a 73-year-old male complaining of dizziness."
This is the correct answer.B.
"Inbound with a 52-year-old suffering from a myocardial infarction."
C.
"En route with a drug addict who has overdosed on an unspecified amount of heroin."
D.
"Five minutes out with Mr. John Panzer, who called us today for high blood pressure."
A.
"En route to your facility with a 73-year-old male complaining of dizziness."
A patient does not speak English and no family members are available to translate. Which other options are available to you to facilitate communication with the patient?
A.
Write questions on a pad
B.
Proceed with your primary exam
C.
Check with dispatch or use a toll-free interpreter line
This is the correct answer.D.
Treat the patient as if he is unconscious
C.
Check with dispatch or use a toll-free interpreter line
You have been called for a 23-year-old male who is completely deaf. To best communicate with this patient, you should:
A.
Have the emergency department get the needed information
B.
Use gestures when asking questions
C.
Stand in front of the patient and speak loudly
D.
Write questions on a note pad
D.
Write questions on a note pad
Over the radio, medical direction has given the following order for an unstable patient you suspect is having a heart attack: "Have the patient chew four baby aspirin, each one at 81 mg, and transport as soon as possible." You would show reception of this order by stating:
A.
"Copy. We will administer the aspirin as ordered and begin immediate transport."
B.
"Copy. We will start transport and administer 324 mg of aspirin en route."
C.
"Copy, Dr. Nash. We will follow the orders as received and transport to your facility."
D.
"Copy. We will have the patient chew four baby aspirin, each one at 81 mg, and transport ASAP."
D.
"Copy. We will have the patient chew four baby aspirin, each one at 81 mg, and transport ASAP."
Why should the EMT provide the physician or nurse with an oral report when transferring care to the hospital emergency department (ED)?
A.
To inform them of whether they need to see the patient immediately
B.
To provide input on additional medical care to be given in the ED
C.
To provide an opportunity for the ED staff to critique the care provided
D.
To summarize patient assessment and treatment information
D.
To summarize patient assessment and treatment information
You have arrived at the scene of a medical emergency. As you enter the room where the patient is located, you note that he is sitting up and talking without difficulty. Emergency Medical Responders (EMRs) are on scene and providing basic care for the patient. What should you do first?
A.
Get the patient's pulse and respiratory rate, along with his blood pressure
B.
Ask the patient's family if he has any past medical problems
C.
Place the patient on your stretcher and transfer him to the ambulance
D.
Get a report from the EMRs
D.
Get a report from the EMRs
What is the primary reason why emergency services communications (phone or radio) are recorded?
A.
Communications can become part of a legal record if need be
This is the correct answer.B.
The state EMS agency will use the recording to determine if care was appropriate
C.
The Federal Communications Commission reviews all recordings for communication appropriateness
D.
The federal government requires that all communications be recorded
A.
Communications can become part of a legal record if need be
While reviewing patient care reports as part of a quality assurance program, which trip time documented by an EMT would indicate that the EMT needs refresher education regarding proper military time utilization?
A.
"Departed scene with patient at 1000 hours"
B.
"Intercepted with ALS at 0032 hours"
This is the correct answer.C.
"Call dispatched at 2233 hours"
D.
"Medication administered at 0814 hours"
B.
"Intercepted with ALS at 0032 hours"
Over the next three days, your ambulance service will be getting new and improved mobile radios. As an EMT with knowledge of communication equipment, you realize that:
A.
New portable radios will be issued to the field crews
B.
New radios will be installed in all of the ambulances
This is the correct answer.C.
The new radios will allow combined radio and cell phone use
D.
The new radios will rebroadcast transmissions at a higher power
B.
New radios will be installed in all of the ambulances
A 31-year-old female with a history of depression took some pills in a suicide attempt. Her husband is visibly upset and her three young children are crying as you place her into the ambulance. The patient is conscious and stable as you transport her to the hospital. During the transport, she tearfully states she did not mean to take the pills and asks if she is going to die. In regard to therapeutic communication, what would be your best response?
A.
"I think that you have a loving family and you need to be more considerate of them."
B.
"If you do not want to die, why did you take the pills?"
C.
"You are going to be fine, don't worry."
D.
"You are stable right now and we are transporting you for continued care so you can get better."
D.
"You are stable right now and we are transporting you for continued care so you can get better."
A 31-year-old female with a history of depression took some pills in a suicide attempt. Her husband is visibly upset and her three young children are crying as you place her into the ambulance. The patient is conscious and stable as you transport her to the hospital. During the transport, she tearfully states she did not mean to take the pills and asks if she is going to die. In regard to therapeutic communication, what would be your best response?
A.
"You are stable right now and we are transporting you for continued care so you can get better."
This is the correct answer.B.
"You are going to be fine, don't worry."
C.
"I think that you have a loving family and you need to be more considerate of them."
D.
"If you do not want to die, why did you take the pills?"
A.
"You are stable right now and we are transporting you for continued care so you can get better."
What is an effective way to improve communication with patients from most cultures?
A.
Have the patient look up at you
B.
Speak clearly and loudly
C.
Use medical terminology
D.
Maintain eye contact
D.
Maintain eye contact
You have arrived by the side of an 82-year-old male complaining of generalized weakness. After you introduce yourself, the patient states, "My name is Edward Burns, but everyone calls me Eddy." What would be your most appropriate response back to him?
A.
"Okay, Mr. Burns. Is it okay if we get your blood pressure?"
B.
"Okay, Eddy, let's see what is going on with you."
C.
"Okay, Edward. We need to know which hospital you want to go to."
D.
"Do you want us to call you Eddy as well?"
D.
"Do you want us to call you Eddy as well?"
While going through your probationary period as a new EMT with the community-based EMS system, you are learning all the numeric codes the department uses during radio traffic. What is NOT a benefit of using and relying on radio codes?
A.
Use of radio codes shortens the air time during verbal transmissions
B.
The radio codes can provide clear and concise information
C.
Use of radio codes allows transmission of sensitive information in a format likely not understood by the patient or public
D.
The complexity involved in remembering all the radio codes helps assure that everyone using the radio is a knowledgeable EMT
D.
The complexity involved in remembering all the radio codes helps assure that everyone using the radio is a knowledgeable EMT
Why is using a standard format for relaying medical information to the emergency department important?
A.
A standard format assists the EMT in maintaining his or her assessment skills
B.
The EMS agency can increase its reimbursement from health care insurance companies
C.
Dispatch is better able to monitor and constructively critique the radio traffic to hospitals
D.
A standard format reduces the opportunities for forgetting important medical information
D.
A standard format reduces the opportunities for forgetting important medical information
Currently, there is a debate within your organization regarding the use of codes in your medical communications and radio traffic. As you are in favor of using plain English and doing away with codes, a strong argument to justify this position would be:
A.
The code system can be made public, allowing others to hear confidential information
B.
The use of codes does not allow the EMT to practice his or her medical terminology
C.
Codes increase the amount of air time needed to relay information
D.
Some medical information can be too complex for a simple code system
D.
Some medical information can be too complex for a simple code system
Your portable radio was accidently dropped at the scene of a car wreck and has become soiled with dirt and mud. How should you clean the portable prior to putting it back into service?
A.
Run it under warm water to rinse off the mud
B.
Return it to the station so it can soak in disinfectant solution, and obtain a replacement radio
C.
Clean it with multiple alcohol preps from the ambulance
D.
Wipe it down with a damp cloth
D.
Wipe it down with a damp cloth
Which statement is most appropriate to start with when transferring a patient to the emergency department and giving the oral report?
A.
"Mr. Hedger has high blood pressure and appears to be having a heart attack."
B.
"Please refer to the recording of my radio report for specific information about Mr. Benton and his chest pain."
C.
"This is Mr. Hedger. He has the state insurance plan."
D.
"Mr. Hedger called us today because he was having chest pain."
D.
"Mr. Hedger called us today because he was having chest pain."
During which situation is it typically NOT necessary for the EMT to contact dispatch first with a request or question?
A.
The patient is acutely deteriorating and ALS intercept is necessary
B.
If the scene suddenly turns unsafe and police backup is required
C.
If the patient is entrapped and a structural collapse rescue team is needed
D.
When the EMT needs to get medical approval to administer a medication
D.
When the EMT needs to get medical approval to administer a medication
You are returning from a call when you pass an apartment building with flames coming from several windows on the top story. You see several occupants trapped and hanging out of the windows, screaming for help. Which radio transmission is most appropriate when advising dispatch of the situation?
A.
"Central communication, be advised there is a structure fire with people trapped."
B.
"Central communications I need the fire department and additional ambulances for a working structure fire on the north side of town."
C.
"Central communications be advised of a working structure fire on Third Street and Raven with occupants trapped."
D.
"Central communications from Unit 118, how do you copy?"
D.
"Central communications from Unit 118, how do you copy?"
Your partner accidentally uses a profane word when talking to dispatch. Which agency has the power to fine him and the ambulance service?
A.
Local police department's division of communications
B.
Department of Homeland Security
C.
County Board of Commissioners
D.
Federal Communications Commission
D.
Federal Communications Commission
Throughout a radio transmission to the dispatch center, the EMT periodically uses the term "break." You should recognize this to mean she is:
A.
Completing her transmission
B.
Awaiting a response from the dispatcher
C.
Taking time to get her thoughts together
D.
Purposely pausing her transmission
D.
Purposely pausing her transmission
Medical direction has advised you to place a patient who is obese and extremely short of breath in a supine position. Knowing that doing so may cause the patient to become even more short of breath, your best action would be to:
A.
Ask your partner what she would do
B.
Place the patient in the supine position and expedite transport
C.
Contact a different hospital and transport the patient there
D.
Explain your concern to the physician and ask for clarification
D.
Explain your concern to the physician and ask for clarification
Which of these is an open-ended question?
A.
"What time did the pain begin?"
B.
"Did you get sweaty when the pain started?"
C.
"Who is your primary care physician?"
D.
"Can you describe the pain to me?"
D.
"Can you describe the pain to me?"
You are conducting a verbal interview with a patient who is not very forthcoming with information. If you fail to continue to try to motivate the patient to talk, what would be the most undesirable outcome?
A.
The family will assume you are not truly interested in helping the patient
B.
The patient will not pay the ambulance bill when it arrives
C.
The hospital emergency department will likely be mad at the EMS providers for failing to gather necessary information
D.
You may not gain valuable information that could impact your patient care decisions
D.
You may not gain valuable information that could impact your patient care decisions