Studied by 145 people
Imperialism
a broader concept that includes a variety of ways of influencing another country or group of people by direct conquest, economic control, or cultural dominance.
Colonialism
type of imperialism in which people move into and settle on the land of another country.
Animism
the belief that non-living objects, such as rivers or mountains, possess spirits.
Native Speakers
those who use the language learned from birth
Lingua Franca
a common language used by people who do not share the same native language (Like English)
Slang
Words used informally by a segment of the population.
Pidgin Language
When speakers of two different languages have extensive contact with each other, often because of trade
Creole Language
Over time, two or more separate languages can mix and develop a more formal structure and vocabulary so that they are no longer a pidgin language. They create a new combined language, known as
Social Constructs
ideas, concepts, or perceptions that have been created and accepted by people in a society or social group and are not created by nature.
Time-space Convergence
The greater interconnection between places that results from improvements in transportation
Cultural Convergence
Cultures are becoming similar to each other and sharing more cultural traits, ideas, and beliefs.
Cultural Divergence
is the idea that a culture may change over time as the elements of distance, time, physical separation, and modern technology create divisions and changes.
Linguists
scientists who study languages,
Language Tree
The relationship among these language families is often shown on a
Indo-European Language Family
Nearly half of the world's population speaks one of the languages of the
Romance Languages
Most of these later vanished, but Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, and Romanian, among others survived and grew.
Isoglosses
The boundaries between variations in pronunciations or word usage
Dialects
Variations in accent, grammar, usage, and spelling create
Adages
sayings that attempt to express a truth about life, such as "the early bird gets the worm."
Toponyms
The name of places
Official Language
one designated by law to be the language of government,
Homogenous
of the same kind
Adherents
believers in their faith
Ethnic Religions
Belief traditions that emphasize strong cultural characteristics among their followers
Universal Religions
actively seeks converts to its faith regardless of their ethnic backgrounds. Universalizing religions are open to all people regardless of their ethnicity, language, social status or nationality.
Hinduism
Classified as an ethnic religion; includes the worship of many deities, so most scholars consider it polytheistic, which means having many gods
Polytheistic
means having many gods
Monotheistic
means having one god.
Karma
The idea that behaviors have consequences in the present life or a future
Caste System
rigid class structure, that shaped Indian society.
Buddhism
The practice of __________ differs widely from place to place and from ethnic group to ethnic group. However, most __________ emphasize meditating and living in harmony with nature.
Four noble truths
the four central beliefs containing the essence of Buddhist teaching
Eightfold path
A book that sought to eliminate desire and suffering
Sikhism
relatively new universalizing monotheistic faith; founded by Guru Nanak in the Punjab region
Gurdwara
A Sikh's place of worship
Judaism
s among the first monotheistic faiths.
Torah
expresses divine will. It is supplemented by other writings as well as unwritten laws and customs.
Holocaust
murder of six million Jews by Nazi Germany,
Christianity
Began when followers of a Jewish teacher, Jesus (c. 4 B.C.E. to c. 30 C.E.), evolved into their own religion based on the belief that Jesus was the son of God and the savior of humans.
Islam
is the religion followed by Muslims. Muslims believe that Allah—the Arabic word for God—revealed his teachings to humans through a series of prophets. The last of these was Muhammad
Five pillars
The core principles of the Quran
Sunni
One of the major subdivisions of islam (the bigger one)
Shia
One of the major subdivisions of islam (the smaller one)
Pilgrimage
a religious journey taken by a person to a sacred place of his or her religion
Acculturation
an ethnic or immigrant group moving to a new area adopts the values and practices of the larger group that has received them, while still maintaining valuable elements of their own culture.
Assimilation
happens when an ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the receiving group
Syncretism
Ihe fusion or blending of two distinctive cultural traits into a unique new hybrid tra
Multiculturalism
The coexistence of several cultures in one society with the ideal of all cultures being valued and worthy of study.
Nativists
anti-immigrant, attitudes
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