EBP

lions vs. saints 9/13/26 (overtime period)

literature reviews

a type of study that provides conclusions derived from the comparison of results from multiple peer-reviewed studies. these studies are conducted on the same topic with the purpose of answering a specific clinical research question in order to guide nursing practice.​​​​​​​ 

qualitative studies

studies where the collection of data is “narrative in nature, as the researchers and the participants discuss or explain their primary reasons, attitudes, and motivations”

quantitative studies

studies that use numerical data to evaluate outcomes

mixed methods studies

studies that combine qualitative studies, which explore experiences and quantitative designs that list findings.

evidence

includes many types of research that mental health nurses use as a basis for giving the most optimal care to their clients. nurse should evaluate whether the evidence-based care and interventions are effective for clients in the clinical setting.

social determinants of health (SDOH)

include an individual’s birthplace, residence, job, education, and age. can also incorporate mental health; which is classified into SES, food security, living conditions, family support, overall health condition, employment status, and chronic health issues.

serious mental illness (SMI)

a mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder defined by the degree of dysfunction it may cause in an individual’s daily living. quality of life is also affected by stigmas for a client with this kind of illness. these clients may also have comorbid medical illnesses that complicate their conditions and courses of treatment. ex. include bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia.

unemployment issues via SMI

the effects of psychotropic meds, hx of criminal activity, lack of access to adequate care, and substance use disorder/addiction limit the client’s ability to obtain and maintain a job. compounded by the fact that most clients who have SMIs would choose to work, if not facing so many obstacles.

daily living issues via SMI

these clients are much more likely to be without housing and have the concerns that surround not having housing such as less access to adequate medical care, exposure to infectious diseases and extremes in environmental conditions, less nutritious foods, and potential violence.

impact on families via SMI

shows an increase in divorce rates, a decrease in rates of marriage, lower rates of employment, and higher rates of malnutrition. for children of caregivers with SMIs, there is an increased risk for mental illness, poor school performance (more common in high-income countries), and concerns for malnutrition (more common in low income countries). these children are also more likely to be abused and neglected.

medication adherence

taking a medication as prescribed; a common issue for those diagnosed with SMIs, with as much as 50% of those diagnosed not taking their meds as directed. shows an increased risk in those who have substance use disorder, unstable home environments, and problems with cognition. rates can be improved via the integration of technology.

relapse

a recurrence or exacerbation of the symptoms of the original disorder that requires immediate clinical management. preventing this is important in clients with SMIs. is associated with cognitive decline, rising healthcare costs, and a decreased quality of life. can be prevented via the use of technology.

assertive community treatment (ACT)

for clients who have SMI as a nonresidential treatment and rehabilitation model. involves an interprofessional team of healthcare workers supporting a client who has SMI so that they may live as independently as possible in the community.

trauma informed care

focuses in understanding the effects of trauma across a client’s lifespan and working towards eliminating future trauma.

adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)

any type of traumatic event that is outside the range of the child’s ability to cope and has lasting effects on their life. can be singular or involve a series of events. an assessment of these events is essential to unlocking sources of a client’s condition and disorders later in life. areas of disturbing events include s3xual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect, those who have witnessed domestic violence or parental divorce, and those who have family members with mental illnesses, substance use disorders, a hx of prison time.

ACE effects

increases the types of risky behaviors clients may engage in; issues can include serious medical dx (cancer, COPD, obesity, etc.), a high risk for depression and suicide, and risky s3xual behaviors. these events have a negative effect on the brain by forcing the client to live in survival mode, which in turn causes changes in several areas of the brain, including the client’s ability to control emotions and manage daily life.

holistic nursing

provides the nurse with the opportunity to care for a client with a mental illness as a whole. a holistic assessment gathers data about each of the varying areas of concern for a client with a mental illness and allows the nurse to plan care, teach health promotion, and coordinate communication with providers regarding assessment findings.

therapeutic use of self

includes the nurse’s ability to spend time with the client and be assertive, goal-oriented, compassionate, and emotionally aware.

working alliance

the relationship between client and provider or nurse, or other member of the health care team who is foundational to the effectiveness of the client’s care. this relationship, created within the context of empathy, provides nurses with an insider’s view of the client’s world and a perspective that they would otherwise not have, as well as having positive benefits for the client, including improved health outcomes.

recovery model

has a focus that promotes increased self-esteem and affirms a positive contribution to society but with the understanding that the client will not be symptom free. is client-centered and affirms the value of the client’s life.

medical model

focuses on the client being merely symptom free

rehabilitation model

focuses on the following key areas and the development of independence: intellectual, spiritual, physical, and psychological.

harm reduction model

model that takes in aspects of outcomes and processes if a treatment includes abstinence. a better fit for clients with substance use disorders.