Microbiology Lab Exam Review- all quizzes

To prepare and maintain a relatively sterile work area, you use

Aseptic technique, 70% alcohol sprayed on the bench, and a lighted Bunsen burner

what is the first thing you should consider doing if someone in the lab catches on fire?

fat them out as fast as you can

no open toe or open heel shoes are worn in the lab because..

broken glass or chemical spills may get into this kind of shoe

what may you pour down the sink

only things the instructor says

what is the first thing you do should someone at your bench spills or breaks something

stop moving until the instructor makes sure there is no glass that will cut you

biggest risk of injury for this lab

fire

in order to properly dispose of a contaminated substance in the lab you must

place it in biohazard container

The term Sepsis refers to

the presence of growing microorganisms

To sterilize living tissue, you must use

You can't sterilize living tissue

Non-living surfaces are called

Fomites

Microbicides are used on ______ while Microbistatics are used on ______

Fomites / Living tissue

An infection by a microbe while a person is in the hospital is classified as

A nosocomial or clinically acquired infection

Why must you wait for your inoculating loop to cool before using it

The specimen may aerosolize and be ejected into the air for you to breathe or absorb through your eyes

If Streptococcus pyogenes is normal microbiota of the throat, why don't you have strep throat

Microbial competition

What device do you use to transfer a microorganism sample

An inoculating loop

If you cannot sterilize your hands by washing them, why bother

You remove some organisms and inhibit the remainder, making your hands aseptic

Proteins are polymers of

Amino acids

Proteins can be

Structural, enzymatic, and used as a supply of amino acids to build other proteins

How many types of amino acids are used by living organisms

20

The covalent bonds that join amino acids are called

Peptide bonds

Which level of protein organization consists exclusively of hydrogen bonds

Secondary structure

What type of R-group interactions are possible in a protein

Covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonding

The process whereby a protein acquires its functional shape is called

Folding

What determines the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide

The sequence of nucleotides in an RNA molecule

Where in a cell are proteins synthesized

In the ribosome

A cell can change a protein's shape and function by

Attaching a charged particle such as phosphorus

Microorganism that grows best at pH 4

Acidophile

Microorganism that grows best at room temperature

Mesophile

Microorganism that grows best at high salt concentrations

Halophile

Microorganisms that require oxygen to make ATP are called

Aerobes

Atmospheric oxygen can form destructive radicals called

Superoxides

Amorphous bacteria in a hypotonic environment will

Lyse

Most potential pathogens grow at the same temperature as humans

True

Device to cultivate anaerobic bacteria in the lab

Candle jar, thioglycolate broth tube, or agar deep

Anaerobes use oxygen for

They don't use it; oxygen is poisonous to them

To survive oxygen presence, microbes must make

Superoxide dismutase and catalase

what type of staining procedure in the picture

Simple stain

Cell morphology in the picture

Cocci

Form of growth for this specimen

Strepto

An acidic stain provides internal structure info

False

Does this organism have a capsule (Simple Stain)

The Simple Stain does not provide that kind of information

Basic stains will stain external structures

True

Negative and Simple stains are differential

False

Acidic stains stain the ______ while basic stains stain the ______

Background / inside of cells

Heat fixing a slide

Kills the cells, sticks cells to the slide, and is necessary for basic stains

Amorphous bacteria have no peptidoglycan cell wall

True

Type of staining procedure in the picture

Gram stain

Gram Variable bacteria are in fact

Gram positive

Acid Fast bacteria belong to what genus

Mycobacteria

Differential stains typically require a counterstaining step

True

Which cells are acid fast

The bacilli-form cells

Basic stains will stain external structures

True

Negative and Simple stains are differential

False

Acid Fast bacteria have

A mycolic acid layer

Mycobacteria tuberculosis

None of the above (not fast-growing, no spores, not gram-negative)

Which cells are Gram positive (in Gram stain)

The staphylococci