Instrument rating training cards

In the proceeding, six calendar months what does a instrument rated pilot have to do to stay current?

You have to have logged six instrument approaches, including holding procedures and intercepting or tracking courses using the NAV systems

What is the CRAFT acronym

C-Clearance

R-Route

A-Altitude

F-Frequency

T-Transponder

What is the acronym for the required equipment for IFR conditions? GRABCARDD?

G-Generator/alternator

R-Radio

A-Altimeter

B-Ball

C-Clock

A-Attitude indicator

R-Rate of Turn

D-Directional Gyro

D-DME

What is the acronym for the instrument landing system? Known as the ILS.

G-Glideslope

• Vertical Guidance

• 1.4→ .7° on both sides

• Pick up lunm out

• 3°

  L-Loacalizer

• Lateral Guidance

• Width=3°-6°

• Coverage Range (as pictured)

  A-Approach Lighting System

• Transition from approach to visual landing

  M-Marker Beacon→Range Info

• Outer-4-7nm Blue

• Middle-3,500 Amber

• Inner-Between middle and runway white

Generic instrument taxi check

1)Airspeed-0

2)Turn Coordinator-Ball is centered and wings level when not turning

3)Attitude-Correct pitch attitude + or -5 within 5 minutes of engine start

4)Heading Indicator- Set and shows correct heading

5)Altimeter-Set local altimeter settings

6) VSI-0 fpm

7)Magnetic Compass- Swings freely, full of fluid & shows the know heading

8) Nav & Comm- set

9)GPS- Checked and set

Magnetic compass errors, and limitations acronym? DV MONA

D-Deviation

V-Variation

M-Magnetic dip

O-Oscillation

N-North/South turn errors

A-Acceleration errors

What is a VOR & what is it used for?

So a VOR is a very high frequency omni- directional radio range. It lets you determine your bearing to or from a ground station so you can navigate a radio toward or away.

What are the VOR receiver checks?

VOT- +4°

Repair Station- +4°

Ground checkpoint- +4°

Airborne checkpoint- +6°

Dual VOR- +4°

Prominent ground landmark- at least 20nm from the VOR & at reasonable low altitude +6°

VOR Check sign off acronym? D.E.P.S.

D-Date

E-Error

P-Place

S-Signature

What does DME measure and how is that information used in the cockpit?

It measures slant range between the aircraft and the ground station by timing. UHF radio signals, and the pilot uses it to no distance to or from the station.

Describe what a GPS is and how pilots use it for navigation?

Satellite system that provides precise position, ground speed, track, and distance information by receiving signals from multiple satellites pilots use it to navigate directly to waypoint, airports, or instrument approaches more accurately with traditional radio navigation

How many satellites are used for 2-D position and 3-D position GPS systems?

3 satellites for 2-D

4 satellites for 3-D

What is a receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM)?

It is a function of GPS receivers that monitors the integrity of the satellite signals

What is a satellite based augmentation system (SBAS)?

A satellite based augmentation system is a system that improves GPS accuracy and integrity by broadcasting correction data allowing more precise instrument approaches like LPV

What is a wide area augmentation system (WAAS)?

A satellite base system that improves GPS accuracy, liability, and integrity by providing correct information from ground stations

What is ground based augmentation system (GBAS)?

A system that improves, GPS accuracy and integrity by specific local area by using ground base reference station stations

Describe the RNAV

RNAV is a system that enables navigation between any two points without the need to overfly ground-based stations

Describe GNSS

GNSS is a broad term for satellite based RNAV systems

Describe performance based navigation (PBN)

PBN is a general basis We’re gonna try for navigation equipment, standards in terms of accuracy, integrity, continuity, availability, and functionality for specific operation context

Describe required navigation performance (RNP)

Navigation that requires the aircraft to have the ability to monitor its navigation performance and alert the pilot if you can’t meet the required accuracy

Attitude Instrument flying what are the basic attitude instrument flying skills and common errors?

Basic attitude instrument flying skills are 1) cross check 2) instrument interception 3) aircraft control & the common errors are 1)fixation 2) omission 3)emphasis

What are the required reports under IFR and what is the acronym? MARVELOUS VFR C500

M-Miss approach

A-Airspeed +10/5%

R-Reaching a hold fix

V-VFR on top

E-ETA CHANGED +2 MINUTES OR +3 MINUTES IN NORTHERN ATLANTIC

L-Leaving a holding fix/point

O-Outer marker

U-U forecasted weather

S-Safety of flight

V-Vacating an altitude

F-Final approach fix

R-Radio/NAV/approach equipment failure

C-Compulsory reporting point

5-500 – Unable climb/descend 500 FPM

What are the position report items required in non-radar environment and what is the acronym? A PTA TEN R

A-Aircraft ID

P-Position

T-Time

A-Altitude

T-Type of flight plan

E-ETA and name of next reporting fix

N-Name only of the next succeeding point

What are the 5 T’s Actions at a hold fix in each turn point?

Turn, Time, Twist, Throttle and Talk

Describe the 3 entries to a Holding Pattern

Direct-Upon crossing the fixed turn to follow the holding pattern

Parallel-Upon crossing the fix, turn to a heading parallel to the holding course outbound for one minute, then turn into the holding pattern to intercept the inbound course

Teardrop-Upon crossing the fixed turn outbound to a heading 3° into the pattern fly it for one minute, then turn in the direction of the hold turns to intercept the inbound course

Describe lost communications procedure for altitude to fly and route to fly and what is the acronym for altitude to fly and the acronym for route to fly? MEA Altitude To fly / AVEF Route to fly

M-Minimum altitude prescribed for IFR

E-Expected Altitude and in what time after departure

A- Assigned last altitude assigned by ATC

A-Assigned route or if none

V-Vectored

E-Last Expected route by ATC

F-Filed route

SHARP TT is the acronym for “Do Not fly a procedures turn when”?

S-Straight-in approach clearance

H-Holding in lieu of a procedure turn

A- DME Arc

R-Radar vectors to final

P- No Pt depicted on chart

T-Timed approach from a fix

T-Teardrop course reversal

What are the Instrument Approaches Precision & Non-Precision

Precision

ILS-Instrument Landing System

MLS-Microwave Landing System

PAR- Precision Approach Radar

GLS- GBAS Landing System

TLS- Transponder Landing System

_____________________________

Non-Precision

VOR

NDB

RNAV/RNP to LNAV or LP Minima

LOC- Localizer

LDA- Localizer-type Directional Aid identical to a LOC but not aligned with the runway

SDF- Simplified Directional Facility Similar to a LOC with 6th or 12th width May be aligned or not with the Radar

ASR- Approach Surveillance Radar

When can you descend below MDA/DA

1. The aircraft is continuously in a position from which a descent to a landing on the intended runway can be made at a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers

2. The flight visibility is not less than the visibility prescribed in the standard instrument approach being used

3. At least one of the following visual reference for the intended runway is distinctly visible and identifiable to the pilot