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What are the FOUR P’s?
Product, Price, Place, Promotion
Product development
Market? (Buyers, need, Purchase)
Segmentation-similar need or similar characteristics (Geographic, demographic, Psychographic, Usage Rate)
Targeting (Undifferentiated, Niche Targeting, Multi-segment)
Marketing Research (Survey, focus groups/ interviews, secondary)
What are the 4 stages of Product Life Cycle?
Introductory Stage
Growth Stage
Maturity Stage
Decline Stage
Introductory Stage
early adopter buyers, price high or low, profit little to non/ development costs.
Growth Stage
Reaching to mass market, price market affordable, profit increases/growing market share
Maturity Stage
Max market share, less promotion, price maximize profit while limiting share loss, profit declines through stage
Decline Stage
Market share declining, price reductions to slow share loss, profit “cash sow”
What are the four pricing bases?
Pricing based on business objective
Cost Based Pricing
Profit Based Pricing
Market Based Pricing
Pricing based on business objective
Sales oriented, demand based, elasticity
Cost based Pricing
variable costs, fixed costs, markup
Market Based Pricing
Competitive, Quality/Channel Pricing
Profit Based Pricing
Breakeven Pricing, Margin Pricing
What are the distribution Channels?
Retail
Online (place determines ads/promotion strat. - content mark+media)
Direct Marketing
Personal Selling
Channel Partners
What are the Promotion Goals?
Informing
Persuading
Reminding
Connecting
What are the Promotion Types?
Advertising Media
PR, Editorial
Direct Sales
Marketing
Social Media
Product Placement
What is Positioning in the Four P’s?
It is the result of Product, Price, Place, and Promotion
Positioning
Creates perception + Brand
Effective positioning requires competitive info. + consistency
Positioning statement (What do you provide your customers with)