HOSA - Ch.17 First Aid

first aid

the immediate, temporary care given to an ill or injured person until professional medical care can be provided

first step of first aid

Recognize that an emergency exists

first aid

the immediate, temporary care given to an ill or injured person until professional medical care can be provided

first step of first aid

Recognize that an emergency exists

triage

A method of prioritizing treatment

wound

injury to soft tissue caused by trauma; generally classified as open or closed

tetanus

lockjaw, a serious infection caused by a bacteria

abrasion

type of wound in which the skin is scraped off

incision

injury caused by a sharp object such as a knife, etc

laceration

wound involves tearing of the tissues by way of excessive force, irregular edges

puncture

wound is caused by a sharp object such a nail, etc.

avulsion

A wound that occurs when tissue is separated from the body

amputation

An injury in which part of the body is completely severed.

arterial blood

spurts from wound, heavy blood loss, bright red in color

venous blood

is constant and can lead to a large blood loss

capillary blood

oozes from the wound slowly, less red than arterial blood, clots easily,

Main pressure point for the arm

brachial artery

Main pressure point in the leg

femoral artery

shock

hypoperfusion

hemorrhage

Excessive or profuse bleeding

poisoning

Condition that occurs when contact is made with any chemical substance that causes injury, illness, or death.

use of tweezers

The best way to remove a tick is to:

rocky mountain spotted fever

caused by ticks

burn

caused by fire, heat, chemical agents, radiation, and/or electricity.

healing time for first degree burn

5-6 days

healing time for second degree urn

3-4 weeks

rule of nines

a method used in calculating body surface area affected by burns

15% of the surface of adult/10% for child

medical care needed

dehydration

loss of body fluids

order of controlling bleeding

direct pressure, elevation, pressure bandage, pressure points

main pressure point of arm

brachial artery

main pressure point for leg

femoral artery

shock (hypoperfusion)

a clinical set of signs and symptoms associated with an inadequate supply of blood to body organs, especially the brain and heart

septic shock

toxic shock syndrome

carbon monoxide

a colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas

Activated Charcoal

a substance that absorbs many poisons and prevents them from being absorbed by the body

hypothermia temperature

less than 95F (35C)

frostbite

Actual freezing of tissue fluid resulting in damage to the skin and underlying tissue

heat stroke temperature

105 F (40.6 C)

sprain

injury to the tissues surrounding a joint, that if forced beyond its normal range of motion

strain

overstretching of a muscle

two types of pneumatic splints

air and vaccum

traction splint

special devices that provide a pulling or traction effect on the injured bone, used for femur fractures

sucking chest wound

deep, open chest wound that allows air to flow directly in and out with breathing