Chapter 25, Poverty, Homelessness, Teen Pregnancy, and Mental Illness

Condoms

— Most commonly used birth control method among female adolescents

South

— Region where multigenerational poverty is most common among African Americans

Transitional homelessness

— Accounts for the majority of homelessness over time

Milkshakes

— Best option to increase protein intake in a pregnant teen

Parents who are very strict (authoritarian)

— Parenting style placing teens at highest risk for early sexual experiences

There are no uniform reasons

— Primary reason teens become pregnant

Developmental tasks

— Main concern for a pregnant teen with strong family/financial support

Use of hormonal contraceptives and condoms

— Healthy People 2030 goal for teens

Vitamin C

— Nutrient that promotes iron absorption

Chili cheese burritos

— Food source of calcium (due to cheese)

Screen for intimate partner violence

— Action done at every prenatal visit for a pregnant teen

Fathering a child makes them feel more "manly"

— Reason some disadvantaged young men avoid contraception

Birth control & concerns about possible pregnancy

— Primary reasons adolescents seek health care

Iron deficiency

— Linked to preterm birth and low birth weight in pregnant teens

Provide information about adoption

— First nursing action when discussing adoption

Supplemental Poverty Measure

— Best measure accounting for geographic cost-of-living differences

Individuals not in the public-school system

— Underrepresented in DOE homeless youth data

Homeless ≥4 times in 3 years (≥12 months total)

— Definition of chronically homeless

Early teens

— Highest risk age for experiencing violence during pregnancy

State laws affect HIPAA

— Accurate statement about adolescent reproductive rights

Childcare

— Biggest barrier preventing teen parents from returning to school

Parents' level of education

— Positive influence on teen returning to school

Late prenatal care

— Risk factor for preterm birth/low birth weight

Young, frequently in/out of shelters with substance/mental issues

— Episodically homeless

SNAP

— Program helping families afford nutritious food

Suicide

— Second leading cause of death ages 15-24

Al-Anon

— Support organization for family members of alcoholics

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

— Protects individuals from job discrimination due to mental illness

Managed care

— System designed to control cost and ensure access

Dried beans, whole grains, fortified cereal

— Foods high in iron

Relief of nausea, help with books, bathroom passes, desk comfort

— School accommodations for pregnant teens

25-35 lb total gain + 1 lb/week (2nd/3rd trimester

Weight gain goals for pregnant teen

Retesting & checking for other issues

— Reasons for followup after negative pregnancy test

Hope pregnancy will go away, denial, secrecy

— Reasons teens delay prenatal care

Child support enforcement, reduced stigma, older partners

— Factors increasing teen fathers

Discouraging abortion/adoption, glamorizing birth

— Peer behaviors reinforcing teen parenting

IUDs & contraceptive implants

— Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC)

Improved contraception use & decreased sexual initiation

— Current teen trends

Clarify values, referrals, communication styles

— Help teens discuss reproductive health with family

Trauma/injuries & developmental delays

— Effects of poverty on children

Decreased earnings, labor changes, more single mothers

— Causes of increased poverty

Hispanics, African Americans, single mothers, low education

— Groups with higher poverty rates

Mental illness, substance abuse, violence, gender identity

— Causes of youth homelessness

Homebound instruction

— For pregnant teens unable to attend school

Academic problems

— Risk for children of teen parents

Discuss life goals & parenthood

— Best response to teen wanting a baby

Source of water

— Priority home assessment for pregnant teen

"You will be assisted if you choose adoption"

— Therapeutic adoption statement

Benefits assistance

— Best program for older adults in poverty

Safe sex education

— Priority program for homeless youth

Screening (HTN, TB)

— Secondary prevention

Affordable housing

— Primary prevention for homelessness

Community assessment

— First step in coordinating services

Psychological well-being

— Greatest health risk in homeless youth

Supportive housing

— Tertiary prevention for homelessness

Primary prevention

— Providing mental health education in schools

National Center for PTSD

— Resource for trauma after accidents