SCH3UE-1 - Unit 3: Quantities in Chemical Reactions
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22 Terms
Scientific notation
The form of number notation that includes a coefficient and a power of 10 (ax10n)
Decimal notation
The form of number notation where all digits, including insignificant digits, are written
Exact value
A counted value without fractions of a value or uncertainty
Measured value
A value that must be measured with a tool or device and is subject to some uncertainty depending on the precision of the measurement
Qualitative analysis
The detection and/or identification or a substance present in a sample
Quantitative analysis
Measuring the quantity of a substance in a sample with numerical data
Counting unit
A number representing a known quantity, used to make counting objects easier and more convenient
Mole
The amount of substance which contains 6.02 x 10^23 entities
Avogadro's constant
6.02 x 10^23
Molar mass
The mass of one mole of a substance; the combined molar masses of all entities in a compound
Percentage composition
The percentage by mass of each element in a compound
Molecular formula
The formula showing the exact number of atoms of each element in a molecule or formula unit
Empirical formula
The formula showing the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a molecule/formula unit
Mole ratio
The ratio of the moles of entities in a balanced chemical equation
Stoichiometry
The study of the mass and amount relationships between reactants and products in a reaction
Stoichiometric amount
An amount of reactant in the same proportion as the reactant coefficients in a balanced chemical equation
Limiting reagent
The reactant that is completely used up in a non-stoichiometric reaction
Excess reagent
The reactant that is present in excess and is partially left over after a non-stoichiometric reaction is complete
Actual yield
The amount of product obtained in a chemical reaction determined by experimentation
Theoretical yield
The amount of product in a chemical reaction determined by stoichiometry calculations
Percentage yield
How much of the desired product is produced
Percentage error
100% - percentage yield