Music set works, A level

Cantus firmus

Fixed song

What chorale was Ein feste...... based on ?

On a lutheran chorale completed in 1730 for the feast of the reformation

J.S Bach was Cantor of which church ?

Thomaskirche in Leipzig

Cantata

Extended piece of music for vocals and accompaniment

What is the cantata accompanied by ?

Continuo

Arias

Solo/duet vocal piece

Recitative

sung in the rhythm of normal speech

J.S bach mvt 1 instrumentation?

3 oboes, 2 violins and 1 viola, harpsichord and organ and SATB

Meter in J.S Bach mvt 1 ?

4/2 quadruple time

Predominant rhythms in J.S Bach mvt 1 ?

dotted rhythms , quavers and tied notes for drive

Text setting in J.S Bach mvt 1 ?

mostly melismatic

J.S Bach mvt 1 diatonic or modal ?

Diatonic

What cadence is frequently used in J.S Bach movement 1?

Perfect cadence (V-I)

Key, and frequently used chord type and inversions used in J.S Bach mvt 1 ?

D major, Dominant 7ths and most inversions are used.

meaning of Fugal ?

(the subject) is introduced by one part and successively taken up by others and developed by interweaving the parts.

3 techniques used in the melody in J.S Bach mvt 1 ?

sequences, doubling and cannons

Texture of J.S Bach mvt 1 ?

Contrapuntal

Which mvt of J.S Bach is an Aria ?

Movement 2- a duet between Bass and Soprano

Movement 2 of Bach texture ?

Melody dominated homophony

Describe the melody in J.S Bach Mvt 2 ?

Embellished Cantus firmus using scalic sequential phrases

Predominant rhythm in Movement 2 J.S Bach ?

moto perpetuo semiquavers, syncopation and demisemiquavers.

Text Setting of J.S Bach movement 2 ?

Long melismatic phrases

Which movement of J.S Bach bears the most resemblance to the original Lutheran Chorale ?

8

2 techniques used to describe the melody in movement 8 of J.S Bach ?

conjunct and diatonic

Texture in mvt 8 of Bach ?

Homophonic

What rhythmic technique starts movement 8 of Bach ?

anacrusis

Predominant rhythm in movement 8 of Bach and meter ?

crochet theme and 4/4

What instrument doubles the sop. in mvt 2 of Bach ?

solo oboe

Structure of movement 8 of Bach ?

2 2 bar phrases repeated

Meaning of conjunct

Stepwise motion

Diatonic

only uses notes in the prevailing key

Instrumentation for On Wenlock edge ?

String quartet, piano and tenor

Characteristics of English Music ?

nostalgic, melodic and lyrical

Song cycle ?

A setting of 6 poems based on A.E Housmans a Shropshire lad

What does the poem capture ?

Rural life , and longing for lost innocence.

Give 3 examples of word painting in mvt 1 of RVW.

Chromatic movement for heaving hill
Repeated note in tenor to emphasize gale
Rippling hemidemisemiquavers to emphasize the gale

What is Sul ponticello?

bowing close to the bridge, creates a glassy and metallic sound to emphasize the gale.

Ostinato

repeated rhythmic pattern

Word for when rhythms clash in mvt 1 of RVW ?

Cross rhythms

Rhythmic augmentation vs diminution ?

Augmentation is the rhythmic stretching or lengthening of the original phrase , diminution is the diminishing or shortening of the original phrase.

What pedal is pressed in the piano during mvt 1 of RVW ?

una corda-soft pedal

Describe characteristics of piano in RVW mvt 1 ?

Block Chords
Parallel chords
Rapid arpeggios and ostinatos

Word setting in mv1 RVW ?

syllabic

Techniques used in strings in the intro of mvt 1 RVW ?

tremelo

Mvt 1 RVW Consonant or dissonant ?

Consonant

Mvt 1 RVW Modal or Diatonic ?

Modal and use of pentatonicism and whole tone scales

Mvt 1 RVW, meaning for a clash between two instruments?

False relation

Mvt 1 RVW Structure ?

AABBAB and strophic (repeated verses )

Mvt 2 RVW, explain how meter, tempo and use of rhythm changes to fit the iambic nature of the piece ?

Speed and time signatures change throughout to fit the iambic nature of poetry ( stress of syllables)

Mvt 2 RVW, Structure ?

Strophic

Mvt 2 RVW, Texture ?

Melody dominated homophony / homophonic

Accompaniment in mvt 1 and 2 of RVW

Block chords

Mvt 2 RVW, Word setting ?

Syllabic

Mvt 2 RVW is a ..... ?

Recitative, narration sung freely

Mvt 2 RVW, movement can be described as ..... when it moves in two opposite directions ?

Contrary

Mvt 2 RVW, How is increased agitation shown in the dead man ?

forte climaxes, tremolos and higher vocal tessitura

Mvt 5 RVW, iambic nature ?

Uses of changes in meter and anacrusis to fit the iambic nature of poetry, stress of syllables

Mvt 5 RVW, rhythm ?

Syncopation
Changes in rhythm to add pulse and increase urgency
Cross rhythms

Mvt 5 RVW, how are bells shown ?

Pizz. and arco in strings show the tolling and ringing of bells
Oscillating parallel 4ths and 5ths
Triplet ostinatos

Mvt 5 RVW, structure ?

AABBCDA

Mvt 5 RVW, texture ?

Melody dominated homophony

Mvt 5 RVW, word setting ?

Conjunct and syllabic

Mvt 5 RVW, what does dissonant strings show ?

Silent love death of wife.

Mvt 5 RVW, Describe the instrumental postlude.

Slow bells again, solo voce ends with pianissimo monophonically.

4 features of distinct British pop ?

simple melodies, clever lyrics, rhythmic guitar and standard song forms

When and why did the Beatles stop touring ?

1966, started to embrace the recording studio and techniques.

What did george martin do ?

He was classically trained and arranged and wrote music.

4 features the Beatles brought together to create master pieces of innovation ?

Indian influence, tape loops, psychedelic's and musique concrete.

Eleanor Rigby, Structure ?

8 bar intro-3 verses-Outro (strophic)
Unusual 10 bar long verse- 4 bar phrase and then 1 bar phrase x 2

Eleanor Rigby, Instrumentation ?

Double string quartet and vocals

Eleanor Rigby, what mode is the intro in ?

Aeolian

Eleanor Rigby, what mode are the verses in ?

Dorian

Eleanor Rigby, use of viola ?

Semibreve chromatic descents add dissonance

Eleanor Rigby, harmony ?

Eminor- Em for 3 bars-C major for 2
Use of block chords

Eleanor Rigby, rhythm of accompaniment verse vs chorus?

off beat and syncopated quaver
Chorus = long semibreves

Eleanor Rigby, rhythm of melody ?

continuous syncopated quavers and quaver movement

Eleanor Rigby, melody, conjunct or disjunct ?

conjunct

Eleanor Rigby, describe two leaps/intervals in the chorus.

1st is an octave leap
2nd is a 10th leap

Eleanor Rigby, texture ?

Melody dominated homophony

Here there and everywhere, chord progression ?

Standard 4 chord progression

Here there and everywhere, structure ?

Intro, altered AABA structure with conventional 8 bars
3 bar phrase then 1 bar phrase

Here there and everywhere, harmony ?

Close harmony/ barbershop

Here there and everywhere, what recording technique is used in McCartneys vocals ?

ADT (artificial double tracking)

Here there and everywhere, what beats does the guitar emphasise ?

2 and 4

Here there and everywhere, describe the use of drums

Rarely used and sometimes inaudible

Here there and everywhere, production technique used for the guitar ?

Played through a Leslie Cabinet

Here there and everywhere, high or low tessitura ?

HIgh

Here there and everywhere, texture ?

Melody dominated homophony

Eleanor rigby, mode of scale in cello ?

Lydian

Where did the beatles get their idea of close harmony from ?

The Beach Boys

Tomorrow never knows, rhythm used in the guitar solo ?

Lombardic rhythm / scotch snap

Examples of indian influence in the Beatles Tomorrow never knows?

Sitar used as a prerecorded fill between verses and the tambura drone.

I want to tell you, rhythm in piano ?

Constant crochets

I want to tell you, rhythm of melody ?

heavily syncopated

I want to tell you, rhythm of intro ?

triplets in guitar riff

I want to tell you, philosophy ?

Eastern

I want to tell you, drums ?

prominent, use of maracas, hand claps and tambourines

I want to tell you, chords in guitar ?

block chords

I want to tell you, harrisons vocals have a ..... tessitura and range ?

low, bvox used to make the range higher

I want to tell you, technique used on vocals ?

ADT