Process Of Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis

The biological process involving transcription (DNA to mRNA) and translation (mRNA to protein) in ribosomes.

Transcription

The process of copying genetic information from DNA into mRNA.

Translation

The process of decoding mRNA to build a specific protein.

mRNA

Messenger RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis.

tRNA

Transfer RNA molecules that bring amino acids to the ribosome based on mRNA codons.

Ribosomes

Cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, assembling amino acids into a polypeptide chain.

Polypeptide Chain

A chain of amino acids formed during protein synthesis.

Genetic Code

The set of rules by which information encoded in mRNA is translated into proteins.

Regulation

The control mechanisms that govern the timing and rate of protein synthesis, essential for organism growth and function.