Process Of Protein Synthesis
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9 Terms
Protein Synthesis
The biological process involving transcription (DNA to mRNA) and translation (mRNA to protein) in ribosomes.
Transcription
The process of copying genetic information from DNA into mRNA.
Translation
The process of decoding mRNA to build a specific protein.
mRNA
Messenger RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis.
tRNA
Transfer RNA molecules that bring amino acids to the ribosome based on mRNA codons.
Ribosomes
Cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, assembling amino acids into a polypeptide chain.
Polypeptide Chain
A chain of amino acids formed during protein synthesis.
Genetic Code
The set of rules by which information encoded in mRNA is translated into proteins.
Regulation
The control mechanisms that govern the timing and rate of protein synthesis, essential for organism growth and function.
