02 Greek Period Study- GREECE IN CONFLICT 479-446 BC

Why was the tension immediately after they won the Persian wars

Athens built a wall. Sparta didn’t like this as it made Sparta a bigger target and they were concerned about the growth of Athenian power. Themistocles deceived the Spartans while the walls were being built.

Who was Cimon

Athenian general, became commander of the DL, pro-Spartan (yoke partners) therefore wanted an empire, but wouldn’t upset the spartans in order to gain it.

Order the events from the early actions of the DL

• Eion 476

• Scyros 474

• Carystus

• Naxos 469

• Eurymedon 468

• Thasos 465-3

1) Eion 476 (early actions of DL)

Attacked because it was a Persian settlement- CONSTITUTIONAL

2) Scyros 474 (early actions of DL)

Island inhabited by pirates- NOT CONSTITUTIONAL but supported as it increased trade

3) Carystus 472 (early actions of DL)

Pro Persian during war- CONSTITUTIONAL

4) naxos 469 (early actions of DL)

Wished to secede - showd Athens was willing to use force to keep allies in DL- Fist case the original constitution was severly broken

5) Eurymedon 468 (early actions of DL)

Fighting Persians- turning point as the Persians were officially no longer a threat- meaning the DL was no longer needed

6) Thasos 465-3BC (early actions of DL)

Athens claimed a share of their mines- Thasos revolted. Thasos asked for Spartan aid but they were busy with the helot revolt. This is an example of athens acting out of self interest and showing they can do what they want.

What happened to Cimon

When Sparta faced a Helot revolt and earthquake, Cimon sent men to aid them. These men were rejected by Sparta, humiliating Cimon and leading to his ostracism in 461

1) Egypt 460–454

The Delian League sent troops to Persian controlled Egypt where they fought and lost. “This great venture of the Hellenes came to nothing”- Thucydides.

2) Megara 460

Corinth attaked Megara so Megara joined the Delian League and Athens fortified their walls. “Very severe blow to the Corinthians”- Thucydides. This represented the growing tension between the Delian League and the Peloponnesian League.

3) Aegina 458

Athens attacked Aegina unprompted and forced her into the DL- Plutarch tells us he called it “the eye sore of the Piraeus” According to Cicero (not very reliable in this case) they rounded up all men of fighting age and cut off their thumbs.

What were the consequences of the events in Megara and Aegina (early actions of the DL)

Increased tensions between the Delian League and the Peloponnesian League. Events provoked Corinth to respnd- this led to the battle of Tanegra

Tanagra 457

First instance of direct battle between Athens and Sparta. Although Sparta won, they retreated and allowed Athens to regroup

454

A turning point from the Delian league into the Athenian Empire. Pericles moves the treasury from Delos to Athens and the congress ceases to meet. Diodorus tells us Athens doesn’t allow anyone to become more powerful at sea.

Peace of Callias

A possible peace between Greece and Persia. Thucydides never mentions it however later historians like Diodorus do.

Examples of Athens being “severe and exacting” over her allies

Erythrai revolt, Miletos revolt, Khalkis revolt and Megaraian revolt

Kleinias Decree

Tribute would be sealed with an identification taken- defaulters of this were named and shamed by the Hellenotaminiai- represents Athens are untrusting of their allies

Coinage Decree

Banned minting of coins in allied states ( all allies must use Athenian coins)- this represented Athens taking away states individuality and freedom