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26 Terms
1
Gilded Age
A period of significant transformations in American life between 1865 and the end of the 19th century, marked by industrialization and political corruption.
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2
Mechanization of Agriculture
The introduction of new machinery in farming that increased efficiency, leading to higher productivity and the rise of commercial farms.
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3
National Grange Movement
A movement formed by farmers to advocate for fair railroad rates and provide a greater voice against the high prices charged by railroads.
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4
Interstate Commerce Act (1886)
Legislation that gave states authority to regulate trade within their borders but not railroad rates, establishing the Interstate Commerce Commission.
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5
Homestead Act of 1862
Legislation that encouraged westward migration by offering 160 acres of free land to settlers who improved the land.
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6
Sodbusters
Farmers in the Great Plains who faced immense challenges in plowing and farming due to the dense, compact soil.
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7
Boomtowns
Towns that rapidly developed around natural resource extraction sites, typically experiencing quick growth and decline.
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8
Ghost Dance Movement
A religious movement among Plains tribes which aimed to reclaim Native American culture and lands from settlers.
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9
Dawes Act of 1887
Legislation aimed to assimilate Indigenous peoples by dividing reservations into individual allotments.
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10
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
A Supreme Court case that upheld segregation laws under the 'Separate but Equal' doctrine.
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11
Laissez-faire
An economic policy of minimal government interference in business practices during the Gilded Age.
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12
Social Darwinism
An ideology applying Charles Darwin's theory of evolution to society, justifying social inequalities.
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13
Captains of Industry
Business leaders who positively contributed to the economy and society while also accumulating wealth.
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14
Robber Barons
Business leaders accused of using unethical practices to gain wealth and increase their power.
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15
Knights of Labor
One of the first national labor organizations, advocating for inclusive labor reforms such as an eight-hour workday.
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16
Great Railroad Strike of 1877
A major strike that began due to wage cuts, leading to violence and federal intervention.
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17
American Federation of Labor (AFL)
An organization representing skilled workers that focused on collective bargaining and improving working conditions.
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18
Nativism
The belief that native-born Americans are superior to immigrants, often leading to anti-immigrant sentiments.
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19
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
The first federal law restricting immigration based on nationality, specifically targeting Chinese laborers.
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20
Hull House
A settlement house founded by Jane Addams to help immigrants assimilate into American culture.
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21
Panic of 1893
A significant financial crisis characterized by bankruptcies and high unemployment leading to widespread economic hardships.
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22
Open Door Policy (1899)
A U.S. policy aimed at ensuring equal trading rights for all nations in China.
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23
Populist Party
A political movement primarily representing farmers that advocated for economic reforms like the direct election of senators and the coinage of silver.
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24
Tammany Hall
A powerful political machine in New York City known for corruption and patronage during the Gilded Age.
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25
Period 6 AP US History
Covers events from 1865 to 1898, focusing on industrialization, urbanization, the Gilded Age, and the rise of reform movements.
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