bones of axial skeleton

Long Bones

Ex. Femur, tibia, fibia

Short Bones

Ex. Tarsals, Carpals

Flat Bones

Ex. Skull bones, Ribs, scapula

Irregular Bones

Vertebrae, Facial Bones

Sesamoid Bone

Develop in the tendons

Compact Bone

Dense with not a lot of space in them, Normally found in the middle section of a long bone

Cancellous Bone

Also spongey, Have trabeculae and align themselves across lines of stress. Have lots of little holes and look almost like scaffolding

Projections

Areas that stick out/bumps due to muscle or joint attachment

Process

A projection

Tuberosity

A large roughened process on a one that is an attachment site for a muscle

Tubercle

Small, Rounded projection

Trochanter

Very large boney process

Cornu

Horn shaped projection

Epicondyle

near or above a condyle

Crest/Crista

Prominent Ridge

Line

low ridge

Spine

very high, sharp, pointer ridge

Head

Bony expansion

Condyle

Round, knuckle like bump due to articulation with another bone

Ramus

Branch off the main body of a bone

Articular Surface

area where 2 bones come together

Facet

Small, Flat, articular surface

Foramen

hole or small opening in bone

Meatus

canal or tube like opening

Sinus

open cavity in the bone

Fissure

Crack or slit in the bone

Depressions

indented areas due to something sitting against the bone

Fossa

pit in bone where another bone typically fits into

Sulcus

groove

Notch

indentation at the edge of a bone

sutures

joints of the skull that hold everything together

coronal suture

Sagittal suture

lambdoid suture

squamous suture

frontal bone

parietal bones

occipital bones

temporal bones

sphenoid bone

ethmoid bone

Supra orbital foramina

the hole

glabella

brow ridges

sutural margines of frontal bone

Coronal, Frontonasal, Frontozygomatic

Temporal Lines

holds temporalis muscle

sutural margins of parietal

Coronal, Sagittal, squamosal and lambdoidal

basal portion of occipital bone

squamous portion of occipital bone

external occipital protuberance

superior nuchal lines

inferior nuchal lines

occipital condyles

what do occipital condyles articulate with

C1 or Atlas

foramen magnum

hypoglossal canal

sutural margins of occipital

lambdoidal, squamosal

squamous portion of temporal bone

tympanic portion of temporal bone

mastoid portion of temporal bone

external auditory meatus

internal acoustic meatus

mastoid process

zygomatic process

styloid process

stylomastoid foramen

mandibular fossa

sutural margines of temporal

squamosal and lambdoidal

body of sphenoid

greater wings

lesser wings

anterior clinoid process

posterior clinoid process

Sella Turcia

optic foramen/ canal

superior and inferior orbital fissures

medial and lateral pterygoid plates

sphenoidal sinus

crista galli

cribriform plate

perpendicular plate

perpendicular plate

middle and upper nasal concha

Foramen rotundum

foramen ovale

foramen spinosum

foramen lacerum

what does foramen lacerum do

drains tears

carotid canal

you can only see it from the outside of the skull

jugular foramen

incisive foramen

infraorbital foramen

inferior orbital fissure

anterior nasal spine

palatine bones

create hard palate, separate nasal and oral canal

maxillae

upper jaw area

alveolar process

holds teeth in place

frontal process

articulates with frontal bone

palatine bones

lacrimal groove

holds tear ducts