Review Sheet for Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome

These flashcards cover key concepts and vocabulary related to Ancient Greece and Rome, including government forms, significant figures, cultural achievements, and religious practices.

Polis

City-state in Greece.

Agora

Public marketplace in Ancient Greece.

Acropolis

Hilltop fortress/temple area.

Republic

Government where citizens elect representatives.

Patricians

Upper-class nobles in Roman society.

Plebeians

Common people in Roman society.

Consul

Elected Roman leader who ruled together with another consul.

Dictator

Ruler with total power, typically used in emergencies.

Aqueduct

Structure for carrying water.

Pax Romana

200-year period of Roman peace and prosperity from 27 BC to 180 AD.

Monarchy

Rule by one king.

Oligarchy

Rule by a few powerful individuals.

Tyranny

Rule by one powerful individual who seized power.

Democracy

Rule by citizens, exemplified by Athens' first direct democracy.

Pericles

Leader during Athens' Golden Age who expanded democracy.

Socrates

Greek philosopher who explored ethics and government.

Plato

Greek philosopher known for his works on government and knowledge.

Aristotle

Greek philosopher who contributed to philosophy and science.

Hellenistic Age

Period following Alexander the Great's conquests that spread Greek culture.

The Twelve Tables

First written Roman laws that protected citizens' rights.

Augustus (Octavian)

First Emperor of Rome.

Edict of Milan

313 CE decree by Emperor Constantine that legalized Christianity.

Pax Romana

Period of stability and prosperity in the Roman Empire.

Roman Pantheon

Religious temple dedicated to all Roman gods.

Roman Myths

Stories emphasizing political, moral, and lawful lessons, often with practical applications.

Slavery in Rome

Condition of being owned by another, often including harsh treatment.