Genetics and Evolution of Freshwater Fishes

Flashcards about Genetics and Evolution of Freshwater Fishes

How many fish species are known to science?

Approximately 30,000

How many fish species occur in European freshwater ecosystems?

577 species

Which fish family has the highest number of species?

Cyprinidae with 2420 species

How many fishes inhabit Portuguese freshwater ecosystems?

62 species (1 extinct)

Name some of the native fish species in Portugal

Leuciscidae, Cyprinidae, Petromyzontidae, Salmonidae, Cobitidae, Mugilidae, Clupeidae, Centrarchidae, Ictaluridae, Percidae

Which area served as glacial refugia for temperate species during the Ice Ages?

Southern European peninsulas

What are some key features that contribute to high diversity in the Iberian Peninsula?

Geographic isolation, high physiographic complexity, wide range of climates

What is a characteristic of freshwater fish that leads to clear phylogeographic structure?

Limited dispersal between river drainages

What caused the current river drainages?

Tectonic uplift of the central Meseta

What are the two main lineages of Iberian barbels based on cytb sequences?

Atlantic and Mediterranean/Guadiana

In which drainages does Nase (Pseudochondrostoma polylepis) occur?

Tejo and Mondego drainages

What is L. steindachneri?

Local hybrid species between two distinct pairs of sympatric species in Tejo and Guadiana

How are Species boundaries in Barbus and Luciobarbus described?

Species are exchanging genes in areas of sympatry after an event of allopatric speciation

Where does hybrid origin of Squalius alburnoides complex come from?

Northern and Southern river drainages

What are the characteristics of Squalius alburnoides complex?

Most populations have 3n individuals (75-80%), and are mostly females. Males are rare

What are the reproduction types of Squalius alburnoides complex?

Sexual and asexual reproduction

What is the status of the ancestral paternal species in Squalius alburnoides complex?

The ancestral paternal species is not known and likely extinct

What kind of reproduction happened in the Tetraploid Squalius alburnoides?

sexual reproduction re-established in the 4n fish