PATHFIT1: 1.1 Introduction to Human Movement Science

Human Movement Science

The study of how the human body moves and how different body systems work together to produce movements

Anatomy

A field of biological science that primarily identifies and describes a living organism’s body structure.

Gross anatomy

This type of anatomy pertains to the study of body parts large enough to be seen with the naked eye without magnifying tools.

Microscopic anatomy

This type of anatomy studies minute features of the body that were unknown, such as cells and like using magnifying tools.

Physiology

The study of the function of human body, including its mechanics and organ systems.

Cardiovascular system

This organ system is responsible for the circulation of blood throughout the whole body via two main loops—systematic and pulmonary.

Digestive system

This organ system is responsible for breaking down food into energy for the body.

Endocrine system

This organ system is referred to as the hormone system which controls and regulates biological functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, etc.

Immune system

This organ system is the first line of defense our bodies have against disease-causing germs.

Innate immune system

This type of immune system is the body’s rapid, first line of defense against pathogens. It is present at birth, reacts within minutes to hours, and acts nonspecifically to keep foreign invaders out or limit their speed.

Adaptive immune system

This type of immune system is a highly specialized, slower-acting defense network that targets specific pathogens. This system is the biological foundation for both natural immunity and vaccinations.

Muscular system

This organ system is composed of muscle fibers that primarily contract as its main function.

Skeletal muscles - muscles attached to the bones;

Smooth muscles - muscles found in the walls of hollow organs and act involuntarily;

Cardiac muscles - muscles found in the walls of the heart.

What are the 3 types of muscles?

Nervous system

This organ system works with electrical signals called neurons to handle bodily functions like thoughts, memory, feelings, movement, etc.

Renal system (Urinary system)

This organ system is responsible for the filtration of liquids in the body.

Reproductive system

This organ system functions for the survival of the next generation through its 4 main duties: hormone production, cell production, cell transportation, and offspring-nurturing.

Respiratory system

This organ system is the biological network of organs and tissues that allows you to breathe.

Skeletal system

This organ system is the rigid framework of the human body comprising of 206 bones, along with cartilages, ligaments, and tendons.

Biomechanics

The study of how the principles of physics and engineering are applied to the structure, function, and motion of the mechanical aspects of a biological system.

Kinesiology

The study of human body movements to understand how muscles, bones, and the nervous system work together.