HESI A2 test Biology - Cellular Respiration

A metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose and produces ATP is called __________.

Cellular respiration

Which of the following correctly identifies the steps of cellular respiration?

Glycolysis—Pyruvate oxidation—Citric acid cycle—Oxidative phosphorylation

Which of the following shows the correct pair of the reactants and products of cellular respiration?

Reactants: Oxygen and glucose; Products: Carbon dioxide, water, ATP

Some organisms are able to convert energy without the presence of oxygen continually.  They undergo glycolysis to generate energy. What type of process is this?

Fermentation

What is the primary difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and anaerobic respiration does not.

What are the processes that are involved in fermentation?

NAD+ regeneration and glycolysis only

Which of the following is not a product in the net reaction for glycolysis?

ADP

Which of the following products of glucose oxidation are necessary for oxidative phosphorylation?

NADH and FADH₂

The first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism is __________.

Glycolysis

In what part of the cell does glycolysis take place?

Cytoplasm (cytosol)

Glycolysis is the first stage in the process of cellular respiration. What is the main transformation that occurs during glycolysis?

Glycolysis produces ATP, pyruvate, and NADH by oxidizing glucose

Which of the following statements about the Krebs cycle is correct?

Not all living organisms undergo the Krebs cycle

Which of the following correctly lists the reactants and products of the Krebs cycle?

Reactants: Acetyl CoA, NAD+, FAD; Products: Carbon dioxide, NADH, FADH₂

In what part of the cell does the Krebs cycle take place?

Mitochondria

In which of the following stages of cellular respiration are electrons passed from one member of the transport chain to another in a series of redox reactions to make ATP?

Electron transport chain

What are the initial reactants that start the electron transport chain?

2 hydrogen ions, 2 electrons, and an oxygen molecule

Where is the electron transport chain found?

Mitochondria

Cancer cells require large amounts of energy in the form of ATP. Which of the following processes results in the greatest production of ATP?

Oxidative phosphorylation

In which condition does a cell undergo fermentation instead of aerobic respiration? 

During low amounts of oxygen

What number of ATPs are generated during the process of aerobic respiration?

36