Physical Fitness Concepts and Assessment

Vocabulary flashcards based on Unit 1: Physical Fitness Concepts and Assessment notes covering physical education objectives, body somatotypes, health-related fitness components, BMI classifications, and skill-related fitness components.

Physical Education

An integral part of general education designed to promote optimum physical, mental, emotional, and social development.

Physical Development

Development of organ systems (circulatory, nervous, muscular, digestive) and improvement in the size, shape, and efficiency of organic systems due to performed physical activities.

Body Types (Somatotypes)

The classification of human physical body shapes into Ectomorph, Mesomorph, and Endomorph, each associated with specific physical traits, metabolism, and training responses.

Ectomorph

A body type characterized by skinny or long limbs, a fast metabolism, naturally lean body composition, difficulty gaining muscle, and being genetically weaker.

Mesomorph

A body type characterized by being naturally muscular, having broad shoulders, gaining muscle easily, losing body fat easily, and being genetically stronger.

Endomorph

A body type characterized by naturally high body fat, a thick or round shape, high sensitivity to carbs, losing fat very slowly, and requiring lots of cardio.

Social Development

Development related to social traits essential for better life adjustment, fostering leadership, and helping players attain qualities like fairplay, cooperation, sympathy, sportsmanship, and courtesy.

Emotional Development

Development achieved by participating in varied activities that enables an individual to acquire pleasant attitudes, desirable habits, appreciations, and values.

Mental Development

Development focused on the acquisition of knowledge and understanding, the ability to analyze body movements and skills, evaluate game situations, and make important decisions.

Physical Fitness

The state of general well-being, being physically sound and healthy along with mental stability, representing the capacity of the body to engage in work and play without undue fatigue.

Health-Related Fitness (HRF)

The aspect of physical fitness defined as the ability to become and stay physically healthy.

Skill-Related Fitness (SRF)

The aspect of physical fitness that focuses on performance in sports and maintaining high levels of performance on the playing field.

Cardiovascular Endurance

The ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to deliver oxygen to working muscles and tissues, as well as the ability of those muscles and tissues to utilize the oxygen.

Muscular Strength

The maximum pull or push force that can be exerted by a muscle.

Muscular Endurance

The ability of the muscles to do repeated work over an extended period of time without fatigue.

Flexibility

The ability to move a body part through a full range of motion at a joint.

Body Composition

The ratio of body fat to lean body mass, including water, bones, muscles, and connective tissues.

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A test used to evaluate or diagnose the state of physical fitness of an individual.

Underweight (BMI)

A Body Mass Index classification for an individual with a score below $18.5$.

Normal Weight (BMI)

A Body Mass Index classification for an individual with a score between $18.6$ and $24.9$.

Overweight (BMI)

A Body Mass Index classification for an individual with a score between $25$ and $29.9$.

Obese (BMI)

A Body Mass Index classification for an individual with a score of $30$ and above.

Speed

The ability to perform a movement in one direction in the shortest period of time.

Agility

The ability to move in different directions quickly using a combination of balance, coordination, speed, strength, and endurance.

Power

The ability of the muscle to transfer energy and release maximum force at a fast rate.

Balance

The maintenance of equilibrium while stationary or while moving.

Reaction Time

The amount of time required to respond to a stimulus.

Coordination

The ability to use the senses with the body parts to perform motor tasks smoothly and accurately.