zoo lab 7 (phyla nematoda + arthropoda w/ roundworm + crayfish dissection)

what type of coelomates are nematodes?

pseudocoelomates

are nematodes segmented?

no

what type of symmetry do nematodes and arthropods have?

bilateral

nematodes and arthropods have a _____ that is secreted by their ______

cuticle, epidermis

nematodes are ___ecious

dio

2 visual differences between male and female nematodes

females are larger, males have curved tails

nematodes have a ______ digestive system

complete

do nematodes have an excretory system?

yes

do nematodes have a circulatory or respiratory system?

no

2 modes of living for nematodes

free-living, parasitic

nematodes can be parasitic to ____ and _____

plants, animals

large human intestinal roundworm classification (phylum, genus, species)

phylum nematoda, genus ascaris, species lumbricoides

____ are the only, definitive host of Ascaris lumbricoides

humans

what type of transmission are Ascaris lumbricoides spread by?

fecal-oral

nematodes have both _____ and _____ nerve cords

ventral, dorsal

around where on a nematode body is the genital pore located?

center

how are nematode gonads arranged in their body?

wrapped around intestine

what type of “skeleton” do nematodes have?

hydrostatic

do nematodes have circular or longitudinal muscles?

longitudinal

what performs the majority of nutrient and gas transport in nematodes?

pseudocoelom fluid

what makes up the excretory system of nematodes?

lateral lines

what does “arthropoda“ mean?

jointed foot

what 3 characteristics do all arthropods share?

segmented body, jointed appendages, exoskeleton

arthropods were the first animal group with a “true _____”

skeleton

what protein are arthropod skeletons made of?

chitin

what produces an arthropod’s exoskeleton?

epidermis

4 functions of exoskeleton

protection, support, prevent drying out, attach muscles

what type of coelomates are arthropods?

coelomates

what can arthropod coeloms be filled with?

blood/hemolymph

do arthropods have a closed or open circulatory system?

open

what are the 2 most basic parts of an arthropod nervous system?

ventral nerve cord, dorsal cerebral ganglia

3 options for arthropod respiratory systems

gills, book lungs, trachea and spiracles

what respiratory organs do crustaceans have?

gills

what respiratory organs do arachnids have?

book lungs

what respiratory organs do insects have?

trachea and spiracles

what excretory organ is unique to crustaceans?

green gland

function, description, and location of green gland

excrete nitrogenous waste, like kidney, near mouth

4 subphyla within phylum arthropoda

chelicerata, myriapoda, crustacea, hexapoda

2 classes within subphylum chelicerata

merostomata, arachnida

2 classes within subphylum myriapoda

chilopoda, diplopoda

1 class within subphylum crustacea

malacostraca

1 class within subphylum hexapoda

insecta

1 visual difference between male and female crayfish

males have copulatory swimmerets

what are spiracles?

openings in insect abdomen that let air in and out

example organism for class merostomata

horseshoe crab

4 example organisms for class arachnida

spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions

example organism for class chilopoda

centipedes

example organism for class diplopoda

millipedes

4 example organisms for class malacostraca

crabs, lobsters, shrimp, crayfish

horseshoe crab classification (phylum, subphylum, class, genus)

phylum arthropoda, subphylum chelicerata, class merostomata, genus limulus

spider/scorpion/tick/mite classification (phylum, subphylum, class)

phylum arthropoda, subphylum chelicerata, class arachnida

centipede classification (phylum, subphylum, class)

phylum arthropoda, subphylum myriapoda, class chilopoda

millipede classification (phylum, subphylum, class)

phylum arthropoda, subphylum myriapoda, class diplopoda

freshwater crayfish classification (phylum, subphylum, class, genus)

phylum arthropoda, subphylum crustacea, class malacostraca, genus procambarus

insect classification (phylum, subphylum, class)

phylum arthropoda, subphylum hexapoda, class insecta

what is another term for an arthropod coelom?

hemocoel

both arthropods and nematodes undergo a process called “ecdysis”. what is another term for this?

molting

cephalothorax

fused head and thorax

rostrum

snout-like projection in arthropods

arthropods have _____ eyes

compound

antennae functions (2 things they can sense)

sense chemicals and tactile stimuli

antennule functions (3 things they can sense)

sense chemicals, tactile stimuli, and equilibrium

are antennae or antennules longer?

antennae

maxillae description and function

4 short mouthparts that hold food

maxillipeds description and function

6 mouthparts that manipulate food

mandibles description and function

hard mouthparts that grind food into mouth

chelipeds description and function

pinchers, grasp food, defense

formal term for crustacean walking legs

periopods

another term for swimmerets

pleopods

copulatory swimmerets function

sperm transfer

function and description of uropod and telson

make up tail, used for control when moving

typical position/location for telson in relation to whole tail

center

typical position/location for uropods in relation to whole tail

side

2 regions of crayfish stomach (from anterior to posterior)

cardiac, pyloric

what 2 structures work together to complete mechanical digestion in crayfish?

cardiac stomach, gastric mill

what 2 structures work together to complete chemical digestion in crayfish?

pyloric stomach, digestive gland

in crayfish, what body plane is the abdominal artery located on?

dorsal

branches of the ventral nerve cord that encircle the esophagus in crayfish

circumesophageal nerves

what clade do both phyla (nematoda and arthropoda) fit into?

clade ecdysozoa