Studied by 19 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
What is true about buffers?
they maintain a relatively constant pH when either acids or bases are added to them
What process builds polymers like polysaccharides?
dehydration
What are some examples of polysaccharides in plants?
cellulose & starch
What are some examples of polysaccharides in animals?
glycogen & chitin
What are some other examples of macromolecules that are built up by dehydration?
carbohydrates, lipids, protein
How are polysaccharides broken down to monosaccharides?
hydration or hydrolysis
Which macromolecule is not a polymer?
lipids
What are examples of lipids?
butter (Mrs. Cruz’s FAV), Fats, Oils, Steroids
What are vegetable lipids made of?
C,H,O
What are phospholipids made of?
C,H,O & P
Which lipid has ringed structures?
steroid
If a lipid is unsaturated will it have double or single bonds?
double bonds
What shape does an unsaturated lipid have?
bent
Where are phospholipids found?
cell membranes
What elements are carbohydrates made of? What is the ratio?
C,H,O & 1:2:1 ratio
What elements are proteins made of?
C,H,O,N, & S
What elements are nucleic acids made of?
C,H,O,N, & P
What are the bases found in DNA?
(A) adenine, (C) cytosine, (G) guanine, (T) thymine
Which of these bases are larger and what are they called?
adenine and guanine, and they are called the purine group
Which of the bases are smaller and what are they called?
cytosine, thymine, and uracil, and they are called pyrimidines
What bond holds together the amino acids?
peptide bond
What bond holds together the nitrogen bases in DNA?
hydrogen bonds
What is the primary structure of a protein?
a linear chain
What is the secondary structure of a protein?
a helix shape or a beta-pleated shape due to hydrogen bonds
What is the tertiary structure of a protein?
R-group interaction, disulfide bridges, polypeptide backbone, and ionic bond
What is the quaternary structure of a protein?
2 + polypeptides bonding
What is a controlled experiment?
Test experimental and control groups in comparison
What best demonstrates the unity among all organisms?
the structure and function of DNA
Why is moderation of temperature possible?
water’s high specific heat
What property of water is mainly responsible for the ability of sweat to lower body temp?
The absorption of heat by the breaking of hydrogen bonds
Why is water a good solvent?
because it is a polar molecule, it can surround and dissolve ionic and polar molecules
What states that organisms with certain traits tend to survive and reproduce at a higher rate than others with differing traits?
natural selection
What term refers to evolutionary theory that simple one-celled organisms became massive multicellular organisms with complex systems?
emergent properties
What domains do prokaryotes belong to?
archaea and bacteria
What is the pH of water?
7
What is the pH of an acid?
1-6
What is the pH of a base?
8-14
Which is stronger, a covalent or hydrogen bond?
covalent bond
Note
Flashcard