Philosophical and Theoretical Influences on Eval/The Assessment Manual

T/F? FORS are used to link theory and practice, and draws from one or more theories to provide a basis for what will occur in the intervention process

T

Idiosyncratic Approach

• when clients present with unusual or unique problems that aren’t consistent with a FOR, so you borrow from different disciplines (ex. PT, nursing)

• used for expert not a novice OT

Exploratory Approach

• when client is medically complex so you do a more in-depth interview to identify specific goals and exploring the context that are preventing those goals from being met

• goal; understand the client, identify problems, and determine a theoretical approach or FOR for intervention

Assessment Bias

some assessments are biased based on culture, gender, age, geographical area, and SES

Contextual Factors

• physical, social, cultural, and temporal influences of the context on clients performance

  • ex. one may think background noise is distracting, while another may think its relaxing

Factors influencing what assessment is used

• popularity

• some settings require standardized data

• some are used because an institution, regulations, or particular service delivery models require them

3 types of approaches

• top-down: looks at persons occupations first

• bottom-up: looks at components of tasks that are interfering with performance first

• contextual: looks at the contextual effects on performance

Goals should be

• realistic

• functional

• achievable

• at least 1 long term goal, with no more than 6 long term goals and is decided based on frequency of sessions

Eval reports should be

• concise

• include all assessments used

• any standardized scores obtained

• strengths and limitations

• avoid jargon

Assessment Tools are obtained…

• by employers, administered routinely per policy, or theoretical approach

• through publishers, websites, and textbooks

  • may have to make own grids for assessments

Each assessment should have:

• manual

• materials

• scoring sheets

Reliability (repetition)

• if you give it to the same person multiple times, should get the same result

Validity

• does the tool test what it says it will test

  • ex. Beck depression tests for depression