Untitled Flashcards Set

Force

A push or pull that acts on an object.

Balanced Forces

Forces that are equal in size and opposite in direction, resulting in no change in motion.

Unbalanced Forces

Forces that are not equal in size and/or direction, causing a change in motion.

Net Force (Fɴ)

The overall force acting on an object, calculated as the sum of all individual forces. (FN=F1+F2), 0 netforce means forces are equal

Newton’s First Law of Motion

An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Significant Figures

Digits in a number that contribute to its precision; includes all non-zero digits, sandwiched zeros, and trailing zeros only when there is a decimal.

Acceleration (a)

The rate of change of velocity, calculated as (v2 - v1)/t.

a= acceleration (m/s²)

V= velocity (m/s)

t = time (s)

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

Acceleration is directly proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass

Newton’s Third Law of Motion

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Action and reaction force are always equal

Relationship between Newton's 2nd and 3rd Laws

Newton's 3rd law states every action has an equal reaction, while the 2nd law indicates the effect of different masses on acceleration.

• Ex: One person rolls a greater distance on a skateboard than the other when pushed off each other due to differences in masses

F=ma

F=force (n)

M= mass (kg)

a= acceleration (m/s²)

• Lab 18

• As the time increased, the average speed of the car going down increased

  • We put spark tape on a car and let it roll down a ramp

    • The distance between the dots on the spark tape increased as time went on

Lab 19

• As acceleration increased, so did net force on the car

  • We tried pulling the car at different net forces using a spring scale

• Lab 20

• Every reaction has an opposite and equal reaction

  • Spring scales + rubber bands

    • 1 partner pulling on one side, causes the force to increase the same amount on both spring scales

  • Hockey Pucks

    • Same size hockey puck when it clashes into each other, same acceleration

    • Different sizes of  hockey pucks when they collide into each other, the smaller one has higher acceleration

  • Bottle and cap with Alkla Seltzer

    • Cap went further distance because it has less mass

  • Skateboard

    • When one partner pushes off, both partners got pushed back the same distance

      • Could be different due to a difference in masses

Average speed caculation

change in distance/ change in time

How to find intial velocity or final velocity with average speed

average speed x 2