BIOL0800 Final Exam

When there is a negative free water clearance in your kidneys

Choice 3 of 4:More than one of the above

A blockage of the right ureter would cause an increase in which of the following in the right kidney?

Choice 2 of 4:fluid pressure in Bowman's capsule

Which of the following statements is TRUE

Choice 4 of 4:Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the kidney will make the body more acidic.

If the concentration of your blood is 270 mOsm and the concentration of your urine is 50 mOsm then

Choice 4 of 5:More than one of the above

A blockage of your left renal artery severely reduces blood flow to your left kidney leaving flow to the right kidney unaffected.  In this condition all of the following would occur EXCEPT

Choice 2 of 5:More than one of the above are exceptions

A drop in blood volume would lead to:

Choice 1 of 5:All of the above

Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) would cause

Choice 4 of 4:vasodilation of precapillary sphincter muscles and a decrease in TPR

On Monday you run up 14 flights of stairs in 2 minutes.  On Friday, you run up 420 flights of stairs in 60 minutes.  Which of the following measures will demonstrate the greatest difference between the Monday workout and the Friday workout?

Choice 3 of 4: oxygen consumed during the prolonged component to EPOC

All of the following changes are seen when someone reaches their anaerobic threshold EXCEPT

Choice 4 of 4:low levels of oxygen in mitochondria limits the rate of aerobic respiration

Which of the following changes is THE DIRECT CAUSE of the increase in glycolysis seen in active muscle?

Choice 3 of 4:decrease in ATP levels

Insulin deficiency will lead to

Choice 3 of 5: More than one of the above

The long term complications of poorly controlled Type I and Type II diabetes includes all of the following EXCEPT

Choice 3 of 4: Damage to neurons due to inability to metabolize glucose without sufficient amounts of insulin

A drug that blocks gastrin receptors would

Choice 4 of 5: More than one of the above

Injection of somatostatin into the blood supplying the stomach would cause which of the following changes in the stomach.

Choice 1 of 5: All of the above

Decreased secretion from chief cells would interfere with the

Choice 5 of 5:More than one of the above

An increase in plasma insulin causes

Choice 4 of 4:increase in protein synthesis in muscle cells

The intestinal phase of the control of gastric secretion and motility

Choice 4 of 5:All of the above

Compared to the absorptive state, during the postabsorptive state,

Choice 4 of 4:cells are breaking down more fat

10. Which of the following manipulations would increase the amount of undigested fat entering the large intestine?

b) Inhibiting enteropeptidase activity in the duodenum (small intestine)

11. Compared to fast-twitch b muscle fibers, slow-twitch muscle fibers

a) are better able to metabolize fatty acids

13. As ATP levels drop in muscle cells

e) All of the above

17. Hyperkalemia causes

b) QRS widening

12. Carbonic anhydrase is necessary for

d) More than one of the above

14. A direct effect of cholecystokinin in the blood is

c) Inhibition of acid secretion in the stomach

15. Which of the following is higher in the absorptive state than in the post-absorptive state?

b) anabolic activity in fat cells

2. An increase in GFR will result in

d) More than one of the above

12. Carbonic anhydrase is necessary for all of the following EXCEPT

d) Secretion of acid in the form of NH4+ in the proximal tubule

15. Compared to the postabsorptive state, in the absorptive state,

d) a higher fraction of ATP is generated from metabolizing glucose

16. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system has a direct effect of

b) Increasing the release of glucose from the liver

6) We discussed atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) function but not the mechanism of action. Which mechanism of action below is consistent with the effect of ANP in the body?

b) ANP inhibits Na/2Cl/K transporters in the apical membrane of cells in the thick ascending loop of Henle

12) All of the following are correct statements about the Gastric phase of the control of secretion and motility in the stomach EXCEPT

d) secretin released from the stomach enters the blood and stimulates the stomach

13) Which of the following manipulations would cause destruction of the pancreatic duct?

a) Adding trypsin into the pancreatic duct

14) Feeding centers are inhibited by high blood levels of all of the following EXCEPT

b) somatostatin

17) A person with untreated Type I diabetes and a very high blood sugar would have

c) High levels of ketones in the blood

18) Blocking the reabsorption of Na+ in the distal tubule causes

d) More than one of the above

3) Which of the following would cause your afferent arterioles in the kidney to dilate?

a) ANP

Blocking proton pumps in apical membranes of cells in the distal tubule/collecting duct of the nephron would

c) prevent ingested loop diuretics from causing an alkalosis

5) Increasing the activity of Na/K/2Cl pumps in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle would cause

a) an increase in the osmotic gradient in the renal medulla

14) In the postabsorptive state all of the following are true EXCEPT

d) A net diffusion of glucose into liver cells through GLUT-2 transport proteins

16) All of the following are present in untreated Type I diabetes (Insulin insufficiency) EXCEPT

a) Decreased osmolarity of extracellular fluid in the renal medulla

11) You inject of a drug that stimulates GIP-secreting I cells of the duodenum into a person has not eaten for 12 hours. Which of the following physiological changes should you expect to observe as a result of this manipulation?

a) a decrease in blood sugar levels

13) All of the following are components of the gastric phase of control of gastric secretion and motility EXCEPT

b) An increase in D cell activity stimulates secretion of pepsinogen from Chief Cells

22. You are pedaling a bike and increasing your power output every 2 minutes until you pass your anaerobic threshold to a significant degree. Compared to the condition before you reached your anaerobic threshold, when you greatly exceed your anaerobic threshold

a) blood lactate levels are higher