seed plants

ovules

integumentary protective coating

all gymnosperms

move by wind

all angiosperms

move by vector

gymnosperms

naked seeds in the exterior

angiosperms

seeds often found in fruits

flowers

sexual reproduction

sepals

enclose flower bud

petals

brightly colored to attract pollinators

stamen

stalk called filament where plane is produced male only

carpels

ovary leading to stigma where pollen is received female only

perfect flowers

monecius (both male and female), contains both carpels and stamens

imperfect flowers

Diecious (male OR female), missing one organ

seed plants

heterosporous, reduced gametophytes with ovules and pollen

seeds

sporophyte dominant

gymnosperms

naked seeds on sporophylls that form cones

angiosperms

from greek flower anthophyta. - flowers and -fruits

gymnosperm type

cycadophyte

gymnosperm type

gnetophytes

gymnosperm type

ginkophytes

gymnosperm type

coniferophytes

fruits

-rippened ovary, -protects seeds, wind, water or animal transported

angiosperms type

endosperm 3n

angiosperms type

embryo 2n

angiosperms type

cotyledons

cycadophyta

zamia floridania. -large cones and palm like leaves

• flagellated sperm

• heterosporous

• mesozoic

coniferophyta

pines, cedars

scale-like or needle-like leaves, evergreens and do photosynthesis year round.

gnetophyta

gnetum tropical trees, shrubs and vines.

gnetophyta type 1

ephedra- produces ephedrine, a stimulant used in medicine.

gnetophyta type 2

welwitschia- a unique plant found in desert regions, known for its long-lived leaves and ability to survive harsh conditions in africa

gnetophyta 3

ginkophyta

-flagellated sperms, tolerance to air pollution, heterosporous, dioecious

angiosperms types

-basal angiosperm

-eudicots

-monocots

basal angiosperms

-share both traits from monocots and dicots

monocots

• have one cotyledon leave

• fibrous root systems

dicots

-tap root that grows deep into the ground

-have secondary growth (stem grows outward and thicker)