Meiotic Cell Division

Which type of cell division produces the haploid (1N) Gametes (Sex Cells) that is required for sexual reproduction?

Meiotic Cell Division

Meiotic Cell Division ensures that each generation of humans inherits a total of…

46 Chromosomes (in Nucleus)

Meiotic Cell Division enables you to produce?

Genetically-Variable Haploid (1N) Gametes

Meiotic Cell Division increases the genetic variation in sexually reproducing populations? How is this beneficial?

The generations are able to adapt to new environmental conditions.

When a human haploid (1N) sperm fertilizes a human haploid (1N) egg, the resulting diploid (2N) Zygote has a total of?

46 Chromosomes

After DNA Synthesis, germ-line cells in your Gonads have 4 sets of chromosomes. How many times must these cells divide during meiosis to produce haploid (1N) gametes with one set of 23 chromosomes?

2

A child inherited chromosome #17 from mom and chromosome #17 from dad. This is an example of?

Homologous Pair of chromosomes

Which process generates recombinant chromosomes in Prophase I of Meiosis I?

Crossing Over

The Spindle separates the two pairs of attaches chromosomes during?

Meiosis I

The Spindle separates each pair of sister chromatids and delivers one sister chromatid to opposite ends of the cell in?

Meiosis II

During Meiotic cell division, crossing over and the random assortment of homologous chromosomes increase?

Genetic Variation among gametes

Due to spindle (M Phase) checkpoint failure, which error can occur during Meiosis I or Meiosis II that results in aneuploid gametes?

Nondisjunction

Where does meiotic cell division occur in

Women?

Men?

Flowers? (Both male and female producing parts)

Ovaries

Testes

Ovule/Embryo Sac = Female Gametes

Anther = Male Gametes

What process restores the diploid (2N) number in offspring?

Fertilization (Gamete fusion)

After Meiosis II in humans, how many haploid (1N) cells are produced from one germ-line cell?

Four

How many chromosomes are in each of the haploid (1N) cells after Meiosis II?

23

In order for the offspring the have 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes must be inherited from the mother and father?

23

Genetically diverse populations have a higher probability of adapting to ___ ___ over generations compared to clone populations.

Changing environments

Mitotic Cell Division enables the…

___ to form the human body

____ ___ ___ to supply your body with new cells

Fertilized Egg (Zygote)

Adult Stem Cells

DNA ___ precedes meiotic cell divison

replication

Each germ-line cell must divide ___ during meiosis to produce haploid (1N) gametes with ___ chromosomes.

twice; 23

Meiosis I & II each consist of ___ stages

Five

What are the five stages of Meiosis I & II in order?

Prophase

Prometaphase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

How many copies of each chromosome do the haploid cells have after Meiotic Cell Division?

One

At the end of Meiosis I, how many copies of chromosomes are in each daughter cell?

Two

The spindle delivers a pair of duplicated homologous chromosomes to opposite ends of the germ-line cell during Meiosis I or Meiosis II?

Meiosis I

Crossing over occurs between ___ chromosomes during Prophase I of Meiosis I?

Homologous

____ chromosomes have new combination of ___ that code for new combinations of traits in that offspring.

Recombinant; alleles

Crossing over also ensure that homologous pairs of chromosomes remain ___ until Meiosis II occurs.

Attached

The daughter cells produced during Meiosis I do what during Meiosis II?

Divide!

Each haploid (1N) cell has ___ chromosomes

23

Each haploid cell has one copy of each ___ and one ___ chromosome

Autosome (#1-22)

Sex

How many haploid cells are produced at the end of Meiosis II?

Four

The haploid (1N) produced by Meiotic cell division will develop into gametes if they…

Recognize the necessary signal molecules (ligands)