Exam 4 - lungs pt. 2

Restrictive Lung diseases result from what

decreased lung expansion due to fibrosis

describe FVC and expiratory rate of Restrictive Lung diseases

reduced, normal

ground glass shadows and honeycomb lung describe the dense tissue appearance found in what lung diseases

chronic interstitial

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis involves widespread interstitial fibrosis from faulty repair and is most common in who

males >55

what is the name of the fibrosing lung disease caused by inhaling a particulate that stimulates inflammatory lung reactions

pneumoconiosis

describe the particulates which will lead to an inflammatory response

mineral dusts between 1-5 micrometers, reactive

which two pneumoconiosis diseases have the potential to cause lung caner

silicosis, asbestosis

what is the most common worldwide pneumoconiosis

silicosis from quartz countertops

does cola/carbon cause a high inflammatory response

no

what is the term that describes the increased pigmentation of the lungs from increased carbon from coal dust

anthracosis

10% of coal worker's pneumoconiosis will reach a stage in which problems start to arise, what is the name of this stage

progressive massive fibrosis

progressive massive fibrosis results when there is significant fibrosis and respiratory distress which lead sot pulmonary ___ and ultimately pulmonary ___ and __ ___

constriction, hypertension, cor pulmonale

what part of the lobe of the lung is affected by coal worker's pneumoconiosis

upper

what part of the lobe is affected by silicosis

upper

on x-ray, silicosis will appear as __-___ calcifications in the upper lung fields

egg shell

asbestos exposure may cause

pleural effusion

what part of the lungs are affected by asbestos

lower lungs/pelura

what is the histological findings of asbestos

ferruginous bodies/asbestos bodies

sarcoidosis of which tissue is the most severe

lungs

is sarcoidosis an autoimmune disorder

yes

what often forms from sarcoidosis

noncaseating granulomas

on x-ray, sarcoidosis often appears a ___-like nodes

potato

bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy is indicative of what

sarcoidosis

who are most at risk for sarcoidosis

Af. Am. danish, swedish, 20-40 year old

non-smokers

t/f

70% of those with sarcoidosis will recover

true

what do most pulmonary embolisms originate as

DVTs

what are risks of pulmonary embolisms

immobility, dehydration, hypercoagulability, oral contraception, metastasis, CHF, trauma

what are some warning signs of a pulmonary embolism

sudden onset of acute dyspnea

cough

chest pain

one consequence of pulmonary emboli is increase pulmonary blood pressure which can lead to ___ ___ and eventually death

cor pulmonale

where do saddle emboli commonly occur

pulmonary artery bifurcation

80% of pulmonary emboli are clinically _____ and 2% are ____

silent, fatal

what is the normal mean pulmonary BP? what number indicates pulmonary hypertension?

12 mmHg

>25 mmHg

what kind of shunt does pulmonary hypertension result in

left to right

what people is primary pulmonary hypertension most common in

young adult females

diffuse alveolar hemorrhage syndromes represents a group of diseases that cause pulmonary _____

hemorrhage

what are the 3 characteristics seen in Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Syndromes

hemoptysis (coughing blood)

anemia

diffuse pulmonary edems

Goodpasture syndrome is an example of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage syndrome in which antibodies act against the ___ and Type 4 kidney ____

lung, collagen

what type of hypersensitivity is Goodpasture syndrome

2