New textiles COLOR

Dyeing

dyestuffs are dissolved in water and absorbed by the fibers

Printing

pigments or dyes are applied to a fabric

Colorants

chemicals that produce color

Mordant

means to bite (helps color to last on fabric)

Dye stuffs

natural or synthetic substances that add color to materials by being absorbed therein

Dye process

Dyes are dissolved in water, absorbed by fiber

excess dye is washed away

May be heat set

Earlier in the production stage the better

Mass pigmentation/solution dyeing (most expensive stage)

add colored pigments to dope; color integral part of fiber

Stock or fiber dyeing

fibers dyed before yarn processing

Advantage of disadvantage of fiber dyeing

advantages - excellent for colorfastness

Good for hard to dye fibers

Disadvantage

Only available in manufactured/synthetic fibers

Stages when dyeing occurs - yarn

Skein

Package

Beam

Skein

yarns are wrapped around skein and immersed into large dye vats

Package

yarns are wrapped around spools and immersed into a dye bath

Beam

larger version of package dyeing, more economical

Advantage of disadvantage of yarn dyeing

Ad- excellent for woven or knitted stripes, plaids, checks

Good dye penetration

DIs - expensive

Piece dyeing

a textile dyeing process where a large, completed piece of fabric is dyed after it has been woven or knitted

produces solid color fabric

Cross dyeing

Union dyeing

Cross dyeing

Mixing several dyes in same dye bath, each one speicifc to a fiber based on that fibers affinity

Union dyeing

dyeing of same color of 2 different fibers with different affinities for dye

dis and advantages of piece dyeing

ad

inexpensive

fabric may be over dyed (re-dyed) from previous season

dis

Delayed color decision

All fibers must be compatible to dyeing process

shrinkage

poor colorfastness

Method of piece dyeing

Batch

Beck (oldest)

Jig

Pad

Jet (vigorous agitation of dye and fabric)

Paddle 

Foam (used for carpeting)

Resist dyeing

batik - hot wax cooled and removed

tie dye -

Ikat - yarns are tied

Pigments

used for printing, color particles that don’t dissolve in water, not absorbed by fibers

Colorants for printing

wet printing - paste made of dyes

Dry printing - paste made of pigments

Foam printing - uses less water and energy

Block print

handprinting

Direct printing

color is applied directly to the fabric in the pattern and location desired

Duplex print **

fabric thats printed on both sides

Heat transfer **

Heat transfer paper is put on fabric and it gets hot and boom

Overprint **

prints that been applied to an already dyed fabric

Out of register **

when fabric designs dont line up

Crocking

when stuff rubs off on another thing

Tendering

dye may be stained by oil from machines

Metamerism

when you bring that thang home and it aint the same color

Lab dip

sample prepared by dyehouse , if you havent gotten it at 3 dips then stop bro

Measuremnt

assign a numerical label to anumber

Color intensity ranges from ____ to ____

High to low, low to medium, etc.

Black is the lowest

White is the highest (complete saturation)

Primary colors

Red blue yellow

Secondary colors

what you get when mixing primary colors

Violet, green, orange

Intermediate colors

red violet, blue green, etc

Monochromatic

all one color

Complementary colors

colors opposite to each other on the colorwheel

Adjacent color scheme

right next to each other on the color wheel

Analogous

3 hues next to each other on the color wheel

Finishes

all the processes a fabric is passed through after bleaching, dyeing, or printing

Finishes are categorized on 3 things

Durability - permanent, durable

Application method - thermal, chemical, mechanical

Purpose - routine, aesthetic, functional

Embossing

yeah

Moire

Glazed

glazeeeeeeee

Flocking

raised fiber finish with short fibers, like putting glue on a pumpkin to outline where the fabirc should go

Burn out

acid burns out the parts of the design not desired

Plisse

uhhhhh

Garmets may have multiple finishes like

color, wash, etc. Its an increased cost

Functional finish

performance finishes, used for special purposes like water proofing

WRINKLE RESISTAnCEEEEEEE

Color of peace

blue

Complimentary color scheme

red and green

A primary color and secondary color make a

intermidiate color

the brightness and dullness of a color is its

intensity

What color inhibits the secretion of adrenaline

Pink

What color is often used in athletic uniforms

orange

Moisture management

finishes provide comfort by transporting liquid away from the skin

3 disadvantage of wrinkle resistant shirt

reduces lifespan, smells?,