Anatomy Exam #2: TAP

NIU BIOS 546 Exam #2: Thorax, Abdomen & Pelvis

What are the attachment points of External Intercostals?

Origin: Inferior Border of Rib Above

Insertion: Superior Border of Rib Below

What are the attachment points of Internal Intercostals?

Origin: Superior Border of Rib Below

Insertion: Inferior Border of Rib Above

What are the attachment points of Innermost Intercostals?

Origin: Internal Surface of Ribs

Insertion: Internal Surface of Ribs

What are the attachment points of Transverse Thoracis?

Origin: Posterior Surface of Sternum

Insertion: Internal Surfaces of Costal Cartilages 2-6

What are the attachments of the Diaphragm?

Origin: Xiphoid Process; Internal Surfaces of Ribs 7-12; Lumbar Vertebrae

Insertion: Central Tendon

Which artery runs in the Anterior Interventricular Sulcus?

Anterior Interventricular Artery (LAD)

Which vein runs in the Anterior Interventricular Sulcus?

Great Cardiac Vein

Which vein runs with the Anterior Interventricular Artery (LAD) in the Anterior Interventricular Sulcus?

Great Cardiac Vein

Which vein runs with the Great Cardiac Vein in the Anterior Interventricular Sulcus?

Anterior Interventricular Artery (LAD)

Which artery runs in the Posterior Interventricular Sulcus?

Posterior Interventricular Artery

Which vein runs in the Posterior Interventricular Sulcus?

Middle Cardiac Vein

Which vein runs with the Posterior Interventricular Artery in the Posterior Interventricular Sulcus?

Middle Cardiac Vein

Which artery runs with the Middle Cardiac Vein in the Posterior Interventricular Sulcus?

Posterior Interventricular Artery

Which artery runs in the Right Margin of the Heart?

Marginal Artery

Which vein runs in the Right Margin of the Heart?

Small Cardiac Vein

Which vein runs with Marginal Artery in the Right Margin of the Heart?

Small Cardiac Vein

Which artery runs with Small Cardiac Vein in the Right Margin of the Heart?

Marginal Artery

Which artery runs in the Atrioventricular Sulcus?

Circumflex Artery

Which vein runs on the posterior surface of the Atrioventricular Sulcus?

Coronary Sinus

Which vein runs with Circumflex Artery on the posterior side of the Atrioventricular Sulcus?

Coronary Sinus

Which artery runs with Coronary Sinus on the posterior side of the Atrioventricular Sulcus?

Circumflex Artery

What bounds the thoracic cavity superiorly?

1st Thoracic Vertebrae; 1st Rib; Sternum

What bounds the thoracic cavity inferiorly?

Diaphragm

Ribs 1-7 can be classified as what type of ribs?

True Ribs

Ribs 8-12 can be classified as what type of ribs?

False Ribs

Ribs 11-12 can be classified as false ribs, but what is another term used to classify them?

Floating Ribs

The clavicle sits in which bony structure of the sternum?

Jugular Notch

What is the name of the most inferior prominence of the sternum?

Xyphoid Process

What is the name of the most superior section of the sternum?

Manubrium

Which bony structure does rib 2 sit in on the clavicle?

Angle of Louis

Which joint articulates the tubercle of ribs with adjacent transverse processes?

Costotransverse Joint

Which joint articulates the head of the rib with bodies of thoracic vertebrae?

Costovertebral Joint

What is the function of the External Intercostals?

Elevate Ribs During Inhalation

What is the function of the Internal Intercostals?

Depression of Ribs During Exhalation

The intercostal veins, arteries, and nerves lie between which muscles?

Internal Intercostals

Innermost Intercostals

The intercostal veins, arteries, and nerves run within which bony structure?

Intercostal Groove

What are the three parts of the Innermost Intercostal muscle?

Subcostal

Innermost Intercostal

Transverse Thoracis

Which mainstem bronchus is wider, shorter and positioned more vertically?

Right Mainstem Bronchus

Which mainstem bronchus is longer, has a smaller diameter, and is positioned more horizontal?

Left Mainstem Bronchus

Which lung typically contains 3 lobes?

Right Lung

Which lung typically contains 2 lobes?

Left Lung

Which fissure on the right lung separates the superior and middle lobe?

Horizontal Fissure

Which fissure on the right lung separates the middle and inferior lobe?

Oblique Fissure

Which fissure on the left lung separates the superior and inferior lobe?

Oblique Fissure

What is the name of the “tongue-like” projection on the anterior left lung?

Lingula

What sits within the pleural cavity?

Serous Fluid

At which point on the lungs do the pulmonary pleura change?

Root of Lung (hilum)

Which pulmonary pleura directly touches the lung?

Visceral Pleura of Lung

Which pulmonary pleura directly touches the thoracic walls?

Parietal Pleura of Lung

Which structures lay at the Root of the Lung (hilum)?

Pulmonary Artery

Mainstem Bronchus

Pulmonary Vein

Which nerve passes posterior to the Root of the Lung (hilum), onto the surface of the Esophagus?

Vagus Nerve (CN X)

Which nerve passes anterior to the Root of the Lung (hilum) and heads to the Diaphragm?

Phrenic Nerve

When breathing in, is the Diaphragm contracting or relaxing?

Contracting

When breathing out, is the Diaphragm contracting or relaxing?

Relaxing

When breathing in, is the thoracic volume increasing or decreasing?

Increasing

When breathing out, is the thoracic volume increasing or decreasing?

Decreasing

When breathing in, is the intra-pleural pressure increasing or decreasing?

Decreasing

When breathing out, is the intra-pleural pressure increasing or decreasing?

Increasing

During which breathing motion is there a raising motion at costovertebral joints 2-6 and a lowering motion on the sternal end of the rib?

Pump-Handle Motion

During which breathing motion is there a raising motion at costovertebral joints 7-10 and a lowering motion of the middle of the rib?

Bucket-Handle Motion

What are the contents of the thoracic cavity?

Lungs

Mediastinum

Pericardial Sac

Heart

What type of muscle is the heart made of?

Cardiac Muscle

Where does the fibrous pericardium of the heart anchor inferiorly?

Diaphragm

In which space does the heart sit in?

Mediatrinum

Which structure divides the aorta into the thoracic aorta and the abdominal aorta?

Diaphragm

Which pericardium of the heart directly touches the heart?

Visceral Pericardium

What is the outermost layer of pericardium of the heart?

Fibrous Pericardium

What does the pericardial cavity of the heart contain?

Serous Fluid

Which medical procedure involves using a needle to drain fluid from the pericardial sac?

Pericardiocentesis

Which structure is the first to receive deoxygenated blood from the body?

Vena Cava

Which structure pumps blood into the right ventricle?

Right Atria

Which valve must blood pass through to go from the right atria to the right ventricle?

Right Atrioventricular Valve

Which valve must blood pass through to go from the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk?

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve

What type of blood leaves the pulmonary arteries?

Deoxygenated Blood

What type of blood enters the heart through the pulmonary veins?

Oxygenated Blood

Which valve must blood pass through to go from the left atria to the left ventricle?

Left Atrioventricular Valve

Which valve must blood pass through to go from the left ventricle to the aorta?

Aortic Semilunar Valve

What is another name for the Right Atrioventricular valve?

Tricuspid Valve

What is another name for the left Atrioventricular Valve?

Bicuspid Valve