Therapies

biomedical therapies

Designed to alter brain functioning with biological or physical techniques.

anti-depressant drugs

Medications used to alleviate symptoms of depression.

anti-anxiety drugs

Medications that lower sympathetic activity and reduce alertness; can lead to addiction.

anti-psychotic drugs

Medications that reduce agitated behaviors, hallucinations, and delusions.

electroconvulsive therapy

Involves passing electrical current through the brain to treat severe depression.

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

A treatment for depression that uses pulsed magnetic fields targeted at specific brain areas.

deep brain stimulation

An experimental procedure involving implantation of electrodes in the brain.

Freud's levels of consciousness

Includes conscious (awareness), preconscious (things we could be aware of), and unconscious (unawareness).

ID

The part of the mind that operates on the pleasure principle; represents basic instincts.

Ego

The part of the mind that mediates between the ID and reality; operates on the reality principle.

Superego

The moral conscience and ideal self that controls impulses from the ID.

conscience

The personal values of right and wrong.

goal of psychoanalysis

To gain insight by bringing unconscious thoughts into conscious awareness.

cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

A present-focused, goal-oriented therapy that addresses faulty thoughts leading to problems.

cognitive restructuring

A technique in CBT that involves identifying and changing negative thought patterns.

learning principles in CBT

Utilizes classical, operant, and observational conditioning to modify behaviors.

Who created the three triggering events?

Aaron Beck

Triggering Events

thoughts, behaviors, and emotions